Abstract: An experiment was conducted at the college of veterinary medicine to investigate the effect of two types of broiler starter diets, with or without animal protein, on Newcastle disease antibody production. Bursal weight index was also studied. Two replicates with 10 male broiler chicks, each were used in each treatment groups, A and B, for a total of 40 birds .The experimental birds were reared from day old till 4 weeks of age. Results revealed that there were no significant effects on antibody titer and bursal weight index, due to different types of the experimental diets. It was found that out of antibody titers 20 and 40, only 3 and 2 birds were found to be positive, respectively .Where as out of antibody titers 80 and 160 only 3 birds from each group, A and B, where found to be positive verses 8 and 4 birds from group B were shown to be positive.

Abstract: Communication Literatures indicated the importance of Change agents’ communicative characteristics to their success . Research is needed to support this assumptions specially in Iraq. The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between selected communicative characteristics of extension agents with peasants’ implementation level of cotton crop technologies in Shirqat Region–Salah Alden province. A sample of 193 cotton peasants included in the study. six instruments were used for collecting data to measure communicative characteristics of extension agent as perceived by peasants’. Other instrument used to measure peasants’ level of cotton crop technologies implementation. Results showed significant relationships among research variables. The results also showed a causal–effect relationship among variables.

Abstract: The variation in some fiber properties at five sites / positions (shoulder, mid-side, hip, back and rump) over the body of Hamadani sheep were studied with 41 ewes. Staple length, fiber diameter, percentage of innercoat fibers and percentage of outercoat fibers were affected significantly (P ≤ 0.01) by sampling site. Although, the pattern of variation was not consistent, the wool at hip position was longer and coarser than that from shoulder or mid-side positions. The shortest, finest and highest percentage of innercoat fibers were found on the back site. Since the mid-side position showed intermediate values among other four positions together with it’s closer relations to the overall mean. Hence, the best compromise would be the use of mid-side position as the most suitable site for sampling Hamadani sheep fleeces.

Abstract: The Purpose of the study was to describe styles of teaching , and learning preferences of students in a College of Agriculture and Forestry- Mosul University. Teaching styles checklist was administered to first, second, third and fourth year students. The results showed, that instructors leaned toward less students’ involvement in active learning styles, Whereas students highly preferred independent learning styles. The results also showed, that third and fourth year students were more preferring of independent styles of learning as compared with first and second year students. The conclusion of the study indicated the need for instructors to be sensitive to the ways students learn, and adapt instruction accordingly .

Abstract: ان موضوع البحث هذا يتعلق بتحديد قيم قوة اللحام المثالية للمواد الخاصة بالتغليف التي تم فحصها و المستخدمة في تغليف البسكويت. فقد تم لحم المفاصل المتداخلة (المتراكبة) للمواد الخاصة للتغليف حيث تم لحمها بواسطة الات اللحام ذات النبضات غير المستمرة و غير المباشرة BH04 , BH07 و بضغط مقداره 0.1MPa , 0.3MPa. ان قيم قوة اللحام المثالية كانت 3.35-3.38 N. 15mm-1 وقد تم الحصول عليها في درجة حرارة 160 -162درجة مئوية. ان القياسات التي اجريت اكدت حقيقة العلاقة بين درجة الحرارة اللحام و قوته و بنفس الوقت اكدت ان قوة اللحام في الاتجاهات المتداخة تزداد بوضوح. لقد جرى تقيم النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها بواسطة Parabola Formula.

Abstract: This experiment was carried out at horticultural research fields, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq, during 2004-2005 growing season to investigate the influences of polyethylene mulching, supplementary irrigation and rainfall incidences on the production of dry bulbs of three onion cultivars grown in spring seasons. Results showed that supplementary irrigated onions resulted in significant increases, bulb fresh weight, bulb size, bulb bulk density, number of storage leaves per bulb, leaf water potential and yield of dry onion bulbs, as compared to these of rainfalls onions. However, inadequate rainfalls tended to reveal significant increases in percentage of unbolted plants and bulbing ratio. Production of dry onion bulbs on bare soil under rainfall incidences in Mosul are impossible in spring season. Polyethylene mulching substantially improved growth and yield of onions, particularly these grown under rainfalls. They confirmed the ability of producing dry yield of onions under rainfalls in spring season. Clear polyethylene mulching appeared to be the most effective treatment, as it displayed significant increases in bulb size, single bulb fresh weight, plant height, leaf numbers per plant, leaf area index, bulbing ratio, dry matter percentage of storage leaf, plant dry weight, leaf area per plant and dry yield of onion bulbs. Moreover, it significantly lessen the water requirements and weed eradication labor cost. Local Red was the paramount cultivar. It showed the highest responses to supplemental irrigation, rainfalls and polyethylene mulching, Since it gave the highest, bulb fresh weight, percentage of unbolted plants and the yield of dry onions. Furthermore, it resulted in the lowest stalk numbers per plant, leaf water potential, fresh and dry weights of flowering stalks. On the other hand Local White cultivar displayed controversial results. The highest yield (1.07 kg‾¹) was confined to supplementary irrigated Local Red cultivar grown on clear polyethylene mulched soil.

Abstract: The experiment was carried out in Singar ,Northern of Nineveh Government between the period 2000-2002 to study the effect of three combinations between nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers at three levels : Low level 160 kg N and 140 kg P2O5 (61.6 kg P ) ha , medium level 200 kg N and 180 kg P2O5 ( 79.2 kg P) and High level 240 kg N and 200 kg P2O5 ( 88.0 kg P ) , with three planting distances between the plants: 15 , 25 and 35 cm by using factorial experiment in complete randomized block design with three replicates . The results have shown a significant increase in plant height , stem diameter , branches number , vegetative dry weight , fruits number , seed production , fixed and volatile oil yield with increasing fertilizer level, while decreasing planting distances from 35 to 15 cm did not decrease vegetative growth characters but increased seed production per area at 113.3% and 130.4 % for two season respectively . On the other hand , using high level of fertilizers and 15 cm planting distance gave higher production of fixed oil 552.2 and 480.3 kg /ha and 13.9 , 11.7 kg /ha of volatile oil for two season respectively .

Abstract: This study was conducted during 2005 growing season. Olive seedling of three cultivars (Khodeiri, Dremalali and Sorani), were sprayed with four concentrations of cheated Zinc (0,25,50 and 75 mg Zn.L.-1), two times in the season, one month intervals between each spray, and the first spray is done at the middle of April. Results which were obtained at the beginning of October indicated that there were significant increase in the N,K and Zn concentration in the leaves, seedlings leaves area, stem high and diameter, number of new branches, dry weight of leaves, stem and roots, and a significant decrease in the concentration of P and Fe in the leaves with the increase of Zn concentration in the spray solution. Dremalali cultivars were dominated over Khodeiri and Sorani cultivars in all studied characteristics except, K concentration in the leaves of two cultivars and number of new branches of Khodeiri cultivars. The critical concentration of Zn in the leaves were 55.87 ,58.33 and 44.24 mg. Zn.Kg.-1 for Khodeiri, Dremalali and Sorani cultivars respectively.

Abstract: This experimental study was conducted at the lath house of Nineva Horticulture station/ Mosul-Iraq . To study the effect of the stratification periods of 0, 60, 90 and 120 days on three cultivators of hazelnut seeds Corylus avellana at (5 ± 1°c). The seeds (Corylus avellana; Emadia local type, Barcelona and Kenttish Cob hazelnut) had been soaked in three concentrations of Gibberellic acid at zero, 250 and 500 mg.lit-1 . respectively. The results asserted that the increased stratification periods and the soaking of the seeds in Gibberellic acid have significant effect on subsequently seedling growth. The study also revealed that there has been a clear-cut difference as regard to the response of the cultivators of the hazelnuts under study and as follows: Barcelona cultivator seedlings which had been grown out of the seeds treated with 500 mg.lit-1 GA3 and stratified for 90 days recorded the highest average of plant highest and diameter as well as one single leaf area The figures read successively: 42.65 cm,5.71mm, 54.20cm2/leaf . The highest average of the number of the leaves on the seedling was 24.45 leaves / seedling on Barcelona seedling cultivator which had grown out of the seeds treated at 500 mg.lit-1 (GA3) and stratified for 60 days. Emadia seeds cultivator treated with 250 mg/lit-1 (GA3) and stratified for 60 days have produced the highest range of shoots number on the seedling amounting to 4.0 shoot/seedling. With significantly advantage as compared with the other treatments.

Abstract: To study the effect of cytokines and explants sources on multiplication of shoot tip an experiment was conducted by using shoot tips of carnation Dianthus caryophyallus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 6-Benzyl adenine (BA) at (0.0, 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0) mg/L and kinetin at (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0) mg/L, and the explants provided from plants grown in field and from in vitro. Then, the shoots produced from in vitro was rooted on different strength MS salts with or without 0.1 mg/L IBA. Planting shoot tips on media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA gave significantly best results of shoot number 21.0 shoots/explants, shoot length 3.9 cm, shoot number more than 0.5 cm 8.1 shoots/explants and leaves number was 4.9 leaf/shoot. On other hand, explants taken from field gave significantly higher number of shoots 15.0 shoots/explants, and the longest shoot length 4.9 cm, shoot number more than 0.5 cm 7.0 shoots/explants and leaves number 4.0 leaf pairs, when cultured on MS supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. Planting shoot tips produced from in vitro gave 100% rooting, root number 9.6 root/shoot and shoot length 7.4 cm when rooted on ¼ MS strength supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IBA.

Abstract: This experiment was involved the study of three different soil mixes, loamy soil with coarse sand alone, and with manure, or with peat moss in the same volumetric, and the addition of nitrogen fertilizer ( Urea ) in concentrations 0, 150, 300, 450 mg / L. on growth of Nephrolepis exaltata . Using a mixture of loamy soil, coarse sand and manure gave the best results in fronds number and leaflet number per frond 20.6 fronds and 38.6 leaflet respectively, leaf area per plant reached 1334.81 Cm2. These plants formed a higher number of stem rhizomes and plantlet, which reached 17.33 stems 1.66 plant let and 21.83 buds. The leaves of plant planted in the previous media gave a higher quantity of phosphors 0.460% and 0.376% after three months from the beginning of plant treatment, at the end of study and higher quantity from chlorophyll 60.10 mg / gm as a fresh weight. There are no differences between the results, which were obtained from the culture of plants in media that contained a peat moss instead of manure. On the other hand, planting in these two types of media gave better results than culture in media formed from loamy soil and coarse sand only. Nitrogen fertilizer levels did not give significant results on vegetative characteristics studied where compared with control, except fronds number and leaves area. Leave area increased significantly, where the plants were fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer. Using high concentration 450 mg N / L decrease most vegetative characters .Yet , planting N. exaltata “Bostoniensis” in media contain manure or peat moss with the addition of nitrogen fertilizer at 150 or 300 mg N / L weekly, gave the best results.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to find out the effect of adding potassium chloride (KCl) to drinking water in different concentrations to reduce the negative effect of heat stress in broiler (Faw bro) subjected to rotational heat degree (25-36-25) ºc on some productive and physiological traits. Chicks raised on standard condition for the first 3 weeks. The experimental treatments were starded from 22 days of age to the age of marketing (56 days). The adapted experimental treatments were, treatment (1) was the control (No KCl added) treatment (2) was 0.1% KCl, treatment (3) was 0.3 KCl and treatment (4) was 0.5 % KCl added to drinking water. Feed and water were Ad Lib. Statistical analysis of the data showed significal differences (P≤ 0.05) for live body wt., average weekly weight gain, water consumption, and feed conference conversion ratio, their traits were improved as KCl% increased, while feed consumption body temperature, blood pH, glucose concentration in blood plasma and glycogen concentration in liver and heart were significantly decreased. Data showed no significant differences in other traits (relative growth rate, dress percent, mortality, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and red blood cells). It was observed that water consumption was increased whenever house temperature and KCl concentration were increased, while feed consumption was decreased.

Abstract: Important sources for red meats in Iraq through the economical embargo was necessary to reach national security without import meat. The important objective to this study is the evaluation of animal production project especially sheep project which was the most from using the economical norm especially on going project evaluation. It was indicated that operating cost 77% , that mean that project was covered all total cost beside there were more financial return. The indicator of return of sales were 23% from the total return, while the benefit cost was 130% which mean the project gave 30% more economical return from total cost. The return on equity was one of the most benefit measures and indicated that the project was benefit and every 1000 I.D paid make benefit money 100 I .D. The pay back period for the project was almost 5 years, which means That the project can pay back all the money through this period. Finally break even point was indicated that benefits of project was more 902846 I.D than critical revenue , this mean the project was benefiting economically and its necessary to encourage to establishment more projects ,also according to production cirtal labor production was 13.83 I.D, which means that investment 1I.D. as labor in the project can achieved profit about 12.83, and capital productivity was 3.38 I.D., also the investment 1I.D can achieved profit 2.38 I.D. According to that net value cirtal was 7549006 I.D, which reach the net and gross values, that indicated decrease investment costs for these projects.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the ability of substitution of animal protein concentrate (APC) by safflowerseed meal (SSM) Safflower meal was prepared after extracting oil safflower seeds. Main chemical composition for seeds and seed meal as well as fatty acids was determined by gas gromotography Common carp cyprinus carpio L. (32 ± 2 gm/fish) were reared at glass aquria for 56 days after acclimatization period for 21 days. Fish were fed on diets containing SSM at the percentage of 0, 4, 8 and 12% substituting 0,25, 50 and 75% of APC in the diets respectively.Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences between control and experimental diets in weight gain, relative growth rate (RGR), specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio (PER), sediment protein and protein productive value (PPV). These results revealed the possibility of replacing APC by SSM up to 75% without a significant decrease in the above criteria. This may refer to available unsaturated fatty acids (Oliec, linolenic, linoleic) of 94% and essential fatty acids (linolenic & linoleic) about 80% which supported nutritional value of SSM. In addition, proximate body chemical compositions (crude protein, ether extract, and ash) were studied.

Abstract: F2 generation for diallel crosses between five barley varieties ( Local Aswad, Tuwwtha, Arta, Zanbaka and Gezira ) were used to estimate combining ability and gene action. Genotypes (parents and F2 hybrids) were sowing in IPA research station in Rabea using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The studied characters were no. of days to heading ,plant height (cm), no. of heads per plant , no. of grains per head , 1000 grains weight (g) and grain yield (g/ plant). Genotypes were significantly different for all studied characters. Analysis of variance for combining ability indicated significant mean squares of general and specific combining ability at 1% level for all studied characters. Tuwwtha variety was good combiner for no. of heading day, no. of grains per head , 1000 grains weight and grain yield. specific combining ability effects was significant for grain yield in the cross Local Aswad X Zanbaka. Additive genetic variance( Dˆ) was significant for all studied characters, dominance genetic variance(H1,H2) were significant for all characters except H2 for plant height , no. of heads per plant and grain yield which was not significant, these results showed the importance of both additive and dominance genetic components.The average degree of dominance ( a ) value was more than unity indicating the acion of overdominance for all characters.Broad sense(h2 ns) and narrow sense(h2 bs)heritability estimates were high for all characters.

Abstract: Eight varieties of durum wheat were used in a complet diallel cross involving dialer cross involving, Leeds, Waha, Um-Rabie5, Azagar1, Um-Rabie 3,Brashua, Cyprus1 and Korfila to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene effect through variance components and graphical analysis for heading time, flag leaf area, maturity time, plant height, biological yield, number of tillers plant, number of spikes plant, grain yield, harvest index, 100 - grain weight, number of grains spike and grains protein contents. The additive variance was found to be significant for all characters, and dominance for the most characters, estimation of the additive variances were relatively higher than the additive one for heading time, flag leaf area, plant height and biological yield, while the reverse for others. Narrow sense heritability values ranged from 7.5% for harvest index to 86.2% for flag leaf area, and the ghraphic analysis revealed to the over dominance for plant height and biological yield whereas, partial dominance for the remnant. The genetic variability among varaieties for the most characters suggesting the recurrent selection for exploiting prevalent types of gene action in order to evolve a superior varieties of durum wheat

Abstract: Pure lines of maize: W13R, R153, W17.131, OH40, IK58, IK8, ZP and SH were crossed with three testers, Agr183, DK and (Agr183 x DK). Genotypes: (lines, testers and hybrids) were planted by using randomized complete block design with two replications for the deduction of epistasis, estimation of variance components and some genetical parameters for: plant height, upper ear height, ear diameter, ear length, No. rows per ear, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. Mean squares for genotypes, hybrids and parents (lines & testers) were highly significant for all traits. Analysis of variance for epistatic gene action test indicated non significant lines mean square for all traits which indicated the absence of epistasis. Additive and dominance variances were important for the inheritance of most traits. Broad sense heritability estimates was more than (90%) for all traits while narrow sense heritability ranged from (8.12%) for ear length to (80.85%) for ear diameter, and the genetic advance (as percent of the mean) was found to be high for No. rows per ear, low for ear length and moderate for the remaining characters. The negative simple correlation coefficients showed that there is increasing of dominant genes for upper ear height, ear diameter and ear length, while the positive correlation coefficients for other characters indicated the reverse.

Abstract: A survey study for the distribution of B. dentipes was conducted through a six big regions and all their villages in Sulymania governorate. Percentage of infestation was different through the different regions, independent on the variety of seed cultivated, ranged between 10 to 16 % for villages cultivated france variety seeds to 40 till 90 % for the others cultivated local variety seeds, except those treated their seeds with some methods of protection like hot water or deep in salt solutions, though Kalar region showed no infestation because the farmers keep the kerenels with their seeds under hot sun light during July & August. Chemical control was also carried out using three insecticides Sumicidin, Sevin and Actellic , each with two concentrations through two seasons, for the first one chemicals one time sprayed gave high infestations ranged from 26.16 for sumicidin to 33.25 % for actellic, while that of untreated plants gave 80.08 %. For the second season three times sprayed percentages of infestation were decreased significantly giving 2.70 for sumucidin to 10.70 % for actellic, while that of control was 34.30 %. The test of some other physical and chemical properties showed significant difference for weight , size , protein percent and percentage of germination between infesting and non-infesting seeds.

Abstract: The results of the study showed that the pear varieties Othmani and Kaleriana resist the infection by Eriophyes pyri Pagest., while Leconte and Zafrania varieties were heavily attacked by the Eriophyes pyri Pagest., Mites populations and Blisters appeared on pear leaf from the middle of April until the middle of September 2004, Mites population reach its peak 11.88, 21 per leaf on Leconte and Zafrania respectively on end of August for mites and on the middle of May for blisters. The correlation values between the average mites number, number of blisters, infection percentage and the average temperature, relative humidity and leaf space were varied according to pear variety. The results showed also that the pear variety and direction on tree exhibt undetermined effect on the average mites and blisters number also on infection percentage. The index of blister distribution on pear leaf showed that the blister exist in aggregation pattern.