Abstract: The results of the recent study showed that the host kind and larval instars exhibit a varying response to the insects growth inhibitors ( Buprofezin . Cyromazin and Lufenuron ). And the 1st and 2nd larval instars were more susceptible than the rest larval instars to the insects growth inhibitors the highest toxicity to the 1st and 2nd larval instars reached on casher obtained from Lufenuron and 1st Lc50 reached 0.5% in comparison to Cyromazin and Buprofezin Lc50 values 0.7 and 0.6% respectively the highest relative toxicity value reached 100% for Lufenuron and Cyromazin for the 1st and 2nd larval instars reared on cashew respectively . and the lowest relative toxicity value was obtained from treating 3rd larval instars reached on almond with Lufenuron which reached 27.77 . The highest relative efficiency value reached 36% from treating the 1st and 2nd larval instars reared on cashew by Lufenuron followed by 214.28% for Cyromazin when applied on the same larval instars reared on Pistachio . The lowest relative efficiency value 100% obtained from treating the 3rd larval instars reared on Pistachio by Lufenuron and the 4th larval instars reared on Pistachio by Cyromazin.

Abstract: Morphological characteristics of insect species (Thylodaris , Dermestes , Anthernus, Globiconis, Phraonoma, Trogoderma) belong to Dermestidae :Coleoptera which are recorded in IRAQ were given equal weight for each character .A matrix was constructed for the characteristics a dendrogram and multisided shape were drown for similarity and differences between the species using Clustering Analysis Statistically Packaging SPSS-17. The results revealed that characteristics ranging 96.19-20 % . Not a single similarity was found between Trogoderma & Anthrenus compared to the preceding species dealt with Cartier .

Abstract: All studies were conducted during the period from 31/8/2012 - 17/11/2012 in the bee apiary and bees lab of Plant Protection Department / college of Agriculture and Forestry - University of Mosul on the hybrid local bee colonies and Iranian Caucasian bee colonies. The results showed that the highest mean of bee population reached 8.708 bee frame in the treatment of alocal hybrid strain 10 frame population ( S L H P - 10 ) compared with the Caucasian strain (S C I P 10) but in the population of Five bee Frames the highest mean was 4.291 frame in S L H P 5 treatment compared to S C I P 5 treatment which recorded the lowest mean.The S L H P 10 recorded the highest mean of worker brood which was 75.78 sq. inches compared with the lowest mean recorded in S C I P 10 treatment , but in the treatment of S C I P 10the highest mean was 61.22 sq. inches in the S L H P 5 treatment compared with 48.11 sq. inches in the S C I P 5 treatment, about of the pollen area, The S L H P 5 gave the higest mean 25.44sq. inches in compared to the S C I P 5 treatment which recorded the lowest mean 12.442sq. inches but for the treatment of 10 frame population, S L H P 10 treatment gave the highest mean of 27.995sq. inches which did not differ significantly from S C I P 10 and S L H P 5 treatments. About unsealed honey area there were no differences between treatments, but S L H P 5 gave the highest mean 184.665 sq. inches, also S L H P 10 treatment gave the highest mean 367.83sq. inches compared with S C I P 5 and S C I P 10, which they recorded the lowest mean, also the above treatment gave the highest mean of sealed honey area 349.882 and 643.497 sq. inches respectively compared with S C I P 5 and S C I P 10. Highest mean of propolis recorded in S C I P 5 and S C I P 10 3.661 and 9.388 gm. respectively compared, With the lowest mean which recorded in S L H P 5 and S L H P 10 . All the above means were recorded under ambient temperature and relative humidity of 25.69ºC and 43.25%, respectively.

Abstract: The Neporex dissolved in acetone was the most toxic to the eggs, the LC50 with the toxicity of 0.006 followed by the Lannate, 0.007 then, the Ageta, 0.0118. Also the eggs showed a homogenous response to the Neporex dissolved in water and acetone. Neporex dissolved in water and Acetone had the maximum degree of LC50 (0.004 and 0.002) and (0.007 and 0.006) for the first and third instar larvae, respectively Lannate had the maximum degree of toxicity to pupae compared with Neporex and Ageta. The LC50 with acetone had a toxicity of 0.004 followed by Neporex and Ageta. Their toxicity to the adult insect showed that the Ageta and Lannate had the same effect of adult stage. The LC50 dissolved in water and acetone had a toxicity of 0.03 and 0.002 respectively. The Neporex had the least degree when dissolved in water. The LC50 had a 0.005 and when dissolved in acetone gave 0.002 . The result showed that the Neporex had the maximum rate (68.7%) of killing all the stages by direct application when applied at a concentration of 0.007 and the minimum rate (29.00%) when sprayed at 0.001 followed by Lannate then Ageta. The predominant stage being affected by various concentrations was the first instar larvae wich gave 52 % followed by adult, then third instar ,and the pupae, while the less effect was the egg stage were approached 33%. The maximum rate of killing of first larval stage by dissolving the Neporex in water and acetone at 0.007 concentration, last 100% followed by the third larval stage, while the minimum killing rate was 13.3% for both egg and pupal stages when Ageta dissolved in water and acetone. In case of biats the Neporex gave the highest killing rate of the first larval stage when dissolved in acetone by a concentration of 0.007 was 93.3% followed by the third larval stage when dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.007 which reached 91.1% while the least rate was both egg and pupal stages when the Ageta insecticide was dissolved in water and acetone.

Abstract: This study was carried out in the fields of Plant Protection Department-College of Agriculture/University of Baghdad, during spring season 2010-2011, to test the efficiency of some biological factors and fermented neem extract to control black scurf disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Burien potato cultivar.The study showed the superiority of biological agent Biocont (Trichoderma harzianum) and the yeasts S.cerevisia and Rhodotorula sp and the fermented neem extract and bacteria P.fluorescens in reducing the percent infection of tubers, as amounting to 5, 5, 5, 60 and 100% respectively, rate of the canker symptoms in the main stem of plants, it was 5, 5, 5, 20 and 60% respectively, and disease severity on tubers at 10, 12, 9, 30, 5 and 75%, respectively. All tested agents showed significant increase in the rate of yield/plant, which was recoreded at 590, 395, 450, 495, 530 and 214 g each to the treatments Biocont and yeasts S.cerevisia, Rhodotorula sp and the bacteria P.fluorescens and fermented neem extract and the pathogen (R.solani only), respectively.

Abstract: The results of laboratory and field evaluation of Ortus (50% SC). Salut (49.4 EC). Marshal (25% EC) in controlling the Phyllonorycter platani leafminer. showed a superior effect of Salut under laboratory condition which exhibit 86.64% mortality at 2ml/L. conc. The results of field evaluations revealed a significant effect according to the insecticide kind. concentration and time after insecticides application on mortality percentage and efficiency ratio. The Salut insecticide showed a higher average mortality percentage reached 100% at 2ml/L.conc. after 14 days after insecticide application , also the Salut exhibit a superior efficiency ratio in controlling the insect and reached 100% at 2ml/L conc after 14 days after applying the insecticide .

Abstract: The results of mortality effect comparison of oils and insecticides mixtures on Khapra larvae reared on oil source and wheat. Showed that the larvae reared on oil source exhibit a higher response to the mixture in comparison with larvae reared on wheat especially larvae reared on Sunflower ,Sesame ,Groundnut and Almond and their general mortality mean reached 63.98 , 55.19 , 57.12 and 59.94 % respectively , the general mortality mean of larvae reared on oil source were higher than mortality occurred on larvae reared on wheat and reached 56.65 , 56.66, 55.34 and 59.09 for oils mixed with Alpha- cypermethrin , Acetamipirid , Lufenuron and Indoxacarb respectively , in comparison with 54.59 , 54.22 , 54.66 , and 41.98 % for the Larvae reared on wheat and treated with oils mixed with Alpha- cypermethrin , Acetamipirid , Lufenuron and Indoxacarb respectively.

Abstract: Onion maggot Delia alliaria Fonseca is considered as anew record a key pest on onion in Iraq. Its also exists in many parts of the world such as Egypt and some part of Europe, which can cause an economic losses ranged between (20 – 60) %. Field studies were conducted at the College of Agriculture, Baghdad to evaluate the effectiveness of two types of traps baited with onion extract lure. Results indicated the superiority of Tephri traps which caught significantly higher of onion maggot adults Nursery and onion field. In Nursery Tephri traps catches were 3.11, 5.11 for females and males, respectively, compared with 1.05, 1.40 for the local trap respectively. Sex ratio was 38: 62 and 43: 57 for Tephri and local traps and in favor of males. In the field traps catches were increased for the two types of traps reaching a numbers of 8.56, 10.84 females and males respectively in Tephri traps Compared with 4.86, 6.13 for the local trap . Sex ratio were for the two types of traps were 44:56 and in favor of males .We concluded from that onion extract lure may be used in Tephri raps because of its low cost and easy prepared by the farmers for monitoring and control of the onion maggot Delia alliaria especially in OrganicAgriculture

Abstract: A laboratories experiment was conducted by using petri dishes in the laboratories of Women educatiob college-Tikrit University to study effect of Zingbel officinale oil and water extract of Citrullus colocynthis and Peganum Harmala on mortality Tribolium castaneum .Results showed superior the treatmentof Zingbel officinale oil with mixture of water extract both Citrullus colocynthis and Peganum Harmala on given higher mortalit percentage reached 78.4% while less mortality percentage recorded on control treatment reached 0%. Hugher percentage of mortality recorded on same treatment after first day from the treatment then the this percentage decreased graduly on the second and third days from treatment.

Abstract: Cucurbit fly, Dacus ciliates Loew is a major pest of cucurbitaceous vegetable fruits in many parts of Iraq. Infestation of another species , the Grater melon fruit fly, Dacus frontalis Becker was reported on Cucumber , Cucumis sativus (L.) as an economic insect in autaum cultivation in the middle of Iraq (Baghdad province) . Results showed that adults of D. frontalis Becker were more abundant than adults of D. ciliatus Loew . The percentage of these two pests was 92.79 and 7.21% on fruits with one infested location , and 96.97 , 3.03% from fruits with two infested location respectively . The number of adults emerged from fruits with one and two infested location was 7.09 and 6.34 , and 11.39 , 13.00 adults/ fruit for D. frontalis and D. ciliates respectively . The average total percent of fruit infestation was 62.57% during the period , October 1st to November 7th , 58.49% was due to infested by D. frontalis and 4.08 % to infestation by D. ciliatus. The number of larvae / fruit was 7.8 and 12.44 in fruits with one and two infested location respectively.

Abstract: The effect of artificial diets mixtures on the parasitism efficiency of parasitoid adults on Green Peach aphis Myzus persicae and its effect on life-span of adults female was also tested in laboratory .Result showed that the mixture (haemolymph and water)gave highest parasitism efficiency of parasitoid, number mean of mommies were being 18.76 mummy while number mean of mummies for both mixtures (Glucosamine and water ) and( Honey and jelly and water )were being 13.67 and 11.83 mummy respectively .the longest live –span of adult female when fed on mixtures (honey and jelly and water ),life-span was being 6.133 . Also the result showed that were significant differences efficiently the first generation ,The mixtures ( Honey and jelly and water ) highest parasitism efficiency of parasitoid ,parasitism percentage in Myzus persicae ,and number mean of mommies was being 35%and 17.5 mummy.

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