Abstract: Mechanical and statistical analysis were conducted to determine the grain size distribution and sorting degree of the recent sediments of Al-Khazer river at northern of Iraq in order to clarify the sedimentation processes along this river. The study was carried out after the annual flood time of the river. Sediment size distribution was determined mechanically for major grain size fractions [gravel (-2 phi to 0 phi), sand (0 phi to +4 phi), silt (+5 phi to +7 phi)] and clay (+8 phi)] using sieve and pipette technique. Numerical treatment of grain size curves has been done on the basis of some quintiles read from the empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF) curve: phi median size, sorting, skewness and kurtosis. The results showed that the sediments of this river were relatively coarse grained textured (Ø50=0.35 to 1.2 phi), very poorly sorted, showing strongly coarse skewed towards fine particles and are platy to leptokurtic. The increase in phi toward outlet plain is equivalent to decrease in grain diameter and is indicative of a lower energy and higher depositional environment. For this reason, there are some relatively lower phi values in the inlet plain in comparison with the phi values of outlet plain. On the basis of this assumption, the change in sediment-size distribution along the river is a non-linear fashion and can be inferred from that to which the present deposition takes place by bed or graded suspended load.

Abstract: The present study aims basically at an assessment of the knowledge of rural area women the family care domain. The research also aims at specifying the relationship and difference between rural women knowledge and the independent related variables. Women in the two villages of AL-Shraikhan and Qubba in Nineveh governorate areas, random sample forming a percentage of 10% using a questionnaire form (a test method) prepared specially to asses the knowledge of rural area women in this domain, the first part of it consists measuring of independent variables, the second part of it consists test to measure rural women level in family care domain it consists of (26) items regard with (children bighting care, baby healthy care, and family members nutrition care). after making sure of its' validity, its' reliability was measured using half split method. Then, the data were analysis using statistical tools: Mean, Person Coefficient, Kroscal Wells, and Stepwise Regression. The results showed that 88.66% of rural women have middle or high level knowledge, the results also showed that the knowledge level of rural women in family care is not related to: age, family previous work , type of family number of females in the family and number of children in the studied family , Her knowledge in family care is related to martial status , educational level of the subjects, family level of education, standard of living

Abstract: The behavioral changes in soil erodibility factor ( KUSLE ) due to Ca-carbonate content were determined in four calcareous soils located at northern Iraq. The procedure for KUSLE determination in these soils was carried out before and after carbonate removal by using a special nomograph and modified equation given by Wischmeier and Smith(1978). The results indicate that the changes in soil Ca-carbonate content caused a changes in soil erodibility factor (KUSLE).Soil texture modification due to Ca-carbonate content was the main factor affecting soil erodibility. Other unconsidered factors, such as soil permeability and structure ,could also have contributed to the remaining variability in KUSLE. Regression analysis of data showed that about 87.8% of the variability in KUSLE could be explained by a high Ca-carbonate content, as it was in these soils. This relationship give us a knowledge to make a correction for the calculated erodibility factor KUSLE of calcareous soils to distinguish it from that of non-calcareous soils.

Abstract: This study was conducted on peach transplants (Prunus persica Batsch) in the Technical Institute Nursery / Mosul /Iraq, during 2007 growing season ,to study the effect of sulphur and phosphorus and diameter rootstock on vegetative growth of Silver king peach cv. budded on peach seedling at different sizes rootstocks ,which was planted in black polyethylene bags ( 30x35 cm ) . The effect of rootstock diameter ,classified as large ,medium and small ( 8,7, 6 mm respectively), agriculture Sulphur and Phosphorus were studied. Three levels of sulphur (0 , 3.5 and 7gr Stransplantˉ¹) ,with three levels of Phosphorus of (0, 1 and 2gr p transplanˉ¹t) were used. The agriculture sulphur (95٪ S) was used as a source of sulphur and super phosphate (20٪P)were used as a source for Phosphorus which were incorporated with soil befor planting the transplants in a black polyethylene bags , at the on 26th January 2007. Results indicated that the diameter rootstock , sulphur , and Phosphorus and their interaction caused a significant increase in the leaves number per transplants , leaf area of transplants, transplants height, transplants diameter , number of shoots and vegetative dry weight . The best treatment as compared with the other treatments was the treatment of (7gr S transplantˉ¹ +2gr p transplantˉ¹ + large diameter) in leaves number per transplants , leaf area of transplants, diameter transplants , the treatment of (7gr S transplantˉ¹ +2gr p transplantˉ¹ + transplants medium in vegetative dry , and the treatment of (3.5gr S transplantˉ¹ +1gr p transplantˉ¹+ diameter medium in diameter transplants .

Abstract: A growth experiment was accomplished to study common carp nutritional effect on three traditional diets differs from its crude protein contain (25%, 30% and 35%). This experiment was carrying out in fish breeding project in the Agriculture and forestry college, Dohuk University in Summel city. Common carp of 150±5.20 g body size were stocked in cages each having 1m¬¬3 size and were fed frequently for 90 days. Results show that the highest growth performance were obtained with 30% protein diet while the poorest one was obtained with 25% protein diet. FCR ranged from 2.27 to 3.01.While the lowest Protein efficiency ratio were obtained when feeding fish on the diet protein have 35%cp.

Abstract: The effect of urea spray at the concentrations (0 , 0.25 and 0.50%) and humic acid at the concentrations (0 , 1 and 2m.L-1) and their interactions were studied to improve vegetative growth of one years old Loquat seedlings grown on lath house in Hort . Dept. College of Agriculture & Forestry .Mosul University,Results indicated that all fertilization treatments gave the highest values of the studied characteristics,and the interaction between (0.50% urea and 2m.L-1 humic acid) was the best and was superior with the control treatment in most of the studied characteristics ( Chlorophyll , leaves number , seedling leaves area , fresh and dry weight of the leaves ,stem diameter increment and of leaves N concentration) , as their values were 63.93 % , 16.60 leaf/seedling , 1092.92 cm2 , 66.00 cm2, 17.70gm, 7. 66gm,2.83 mm and 1.91% respectively , whereas control treatment values were 54.80 % , 8.00 leaf/seedling, 350.33cm2, 43.65cm2, 10.25gm , 4. 52gm,1.06 mland 0.73% respectively.The treatment 2m.L-1 humic acid gave the highest internodes length (2.53cm) while the highest increase in the stem length (35cm) was from the interaction between 0.50% urea and 1m.L-1 humic acid, and was superior significant over control treatment (14.33cm). Highest dry matter (46.15%) was in the treatment of 0.50% urea, but differences with control treatment was not significant.

Abstract: Two field experiments were carried out during the 2009-2010 growing season at the station of Directorate of Agricultural Researches/Erbil under dry farming conditions. The first experiment included 25 strains of durum wheat, and the second included 20 strains of bread wheat. Growth trait, yield and its components were studied, and then data are entered in the statistical genetic analysis, as well as the path coefficient analysis. The results showed high genetic variation, heritability and genetic advance for plant height, number of spikes, 1000 grain weight, biological yield and grain yield in durum wheat. While it was high in all traits in bread wheat. The grain yield was correlated genetically positive and significantly with 1000 grain weight, biological yield and harvest index in durum wheat, while showed genetically positive and significant correlation with all traits in bread wheat. The path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index and biological yield had the maximum positive direct effects on grain yield in durum wheat reached 0.966 and 0.242, respectively. While the harvest index had the maximum positive direct effect (1.417) on grain yield in bread wheat, which was used as a criterion for the selection of superior genotypes in each group.

Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the performance of hybrids and their parents for identify promising hybrids and the objectives to develop single cross hybrids and estimate heterosis , some genetic parameters , phenotypic and genotypic correlation for studied characters. A field experiment was conducted in the Field Dept. of Hort. & Landscape Design , College of Agric. & Forestry , Mosul University during two growing seasons 2009 and 2010. Four varieties of Melon viz , (1-Alkosey , 2-Al-Mostkabil (Syrian) , 3-Ananas and 4-Hales Best Jumbo) were used in a Complete Diallel Crosses , during growing season 2009. Genotypes (parents and F1s hybrids) were sowing during growing season 2010 , by using Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications. Results showed that parents and F1s were significantly different for all studied characters , the parent Ananas was higher than for seed yield , and the parent Alkosey for the total yield. Whereas the hybrid 1x3 was characterized by the highest for seed yield , and the hybrid 1x2 for the total yield. The hybrids showed significant superiority over parents means for all the studied characters , the hybrid 1x3 was significantly higher than other for heterosis for seed yield , and the hybrid 1x2 for the total yield. A significant additive variance were found for all studied characters except the date complete flowering , fruit length and weight. Narrow sense heritability was higher for: no. of nodes pre first male flowering , seed and total yield , which indicated additive gene action for these characters. Over dominance were found for most studied characters. The higher phenotypic and genotypic correlations were found between the date male and complete flowering.

Abstract: The experiment was carried out in the Field Dept. of Hort. & Landscape Design, College of Agric. & Forestry , Mosul University , in the spring season of 2009 , to study the general and specific combining ability in F1 and F2 using Full-Diallel Cross of four varieties in summer squash viz, 1-local (Molla Ahmed) , 2-Syrian (Al-Mostkabil) , 3-Tala and 4-Bather Elbethor and their hybrids application Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications. The results showed that general combining ability in F1 was significant for plant height , mean fruit length and diameter , and for most of the studied characters in F2 , while specific combining ability was significant for all the studied characters except mean fruit diameter in F1 , and for most of the studied characters in F2. The reciprocal effect was significant for most the studied characters in F1 and F2. The results showed that general combining ability was higher than specific combining ability for mean fruit length and diameter in F1 and F2 it can be predicted an additive gene action for these characters. General combining ability indicated that the parent 1-Local (Molla Ahmed) and the parent 4-Bather Elbethor in F1 and the parent 2-Syrian (Al-Mostkabil) in F2 was significant consider as the best combiner for the desirable characters. The hybrids varied for their specific combining ability effects as a result of the wide genetic variation between the parents.

Abstract: This study was conducted in the pomology field / Horticulture and Landscape Design Dept .during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons to study the response of peach trees cv. Dixired for mineral and organic fertilizers . Compound fertilizer NPK with three ratios of N : P : K ( 1 : 0.5 : 0.5 ) ( 1 : 0.75 : 0.75 ) and ( 1 : 1 : 1 ) for N : P : K respectively ) with three leveles of nitrogen ( 38 , 57 and 76 gm N / tree ) were applied at the middle of February , Meanwhile organic fertilizer ( sheep manure 1.83 % N ) were added at the beginning of January with three levels of nitrogen ( 38 , 57 and 76 gm N / tree ) , and control trees were unfertilizerd . Results indicated that the application of all treatments of mineral and organic fertilizers significantly increased leaves N , P , K , chlorophyll , carbohydrates and dry matter concentration , leaves area , tree height and main stem diameter as compared with control . The best results were obtained with the application of mineral fertilizer at two ratios ( 1 : 1 : 1 and 1 : 0.75 : 0.75 for N : P : K respectively ) at a rate of 76 gm N / tree and organic fertilizer at a rate of 76 gm N / tree .

Abstract: This study was conducted in the apricot orchard of Hort. & Land Scape Dept./ Collage of Agriculture / University of Baghdad / Abu Ghraib during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons to study the response of apricot trees cv. Zaini to three techniques of pruning ( control, thinning out of 40 – 50% from branches number and heading back 40 – 50% from length annually shoots) and time of pruning ( 5/12, 5/1 and 5/2 of each season). Results showed that techniques of and timing of pruning together or alone aid to significantly effects on leaf area, chlorophyll content, fruit set and fruit weight , whereas the timing were unaffected on dry matter percentage in leaves, T.S.S and acidity. The treatment of thinning out 40-50% + 5/1 timing was superior in vegetative characteristics, while the treatment heading back of 40-50% + 5/2 timing was superior with fruit characteristics. Acidity percentage was unaffected with pruning treatments.

Abstract: This study has been conducted in plant tissue culture laboratory in Aleppo Scientific Agriculture Research Center. Syria. the purpose is to find the best combinations to produce large number of shoot multiplication and develop suitable propagation method for three walnut cultivars ( Hartley. Serr. Blhsen2) cultivated in genetic centre of walnut at Gosea AL-Kharab agricultural research center in Homs to obtain the same genotype of the seedlings free from diseases. Axillary bud are used as initial explants in establishment culture. this explants were sterilized in weaponless chamber by several disinfection substances The results show that the best sterilization treatment with Hgcl2 0.1% at for 10 minutes. there was much variations in the influence of used growth regulators on number new formed axillary microshoots. Statistical analysis shows a great influence in interactions between cultivars and treatments. generally medium MS7 which was supplemented with 2 mg / l and 0.1 IBA. promoted the number of new formation microshoots and increased to report 5.6. 4.6. 5.2 with cultivars Serr. Hartley and Blhsen2 respectively. The medium MS3 supplemented only with 2 mg / l . as number of new formation microshoots was 4.2. 4.2. 4.4 to study cultivars respectively.

Abstract: Geo-ecological survey was conducted for a number of wild olive genotypes growing naturally in tow different locations (kfr-takharim and Harem- (Wadi Al-kabeer) at Edleb province, during 2008 and 2009 seasons. The objective of this work was to study the geo- ecological distribution, and the degree of convergence between genotypes morphology. The plant material consists of a random collection of (16) Phenotypes, from which 50 leaves, 50 fruits and 50 seeds per tree, are also randomly collected. The morphological characteristics were studied according to the International Olive Council methods and a cluster analysis has been also carried out for their morphological characteristics. Results showed that studied genotypes are environmentally flexible, and adapted to the Mediterranean climate, as they are growing at different altitudes, ranging between 281-391 m above sea level. These genotypes could be clustered into three major groups, where a significant variability existing among some of the studied characteristics (fruit and seed's length and wide in addition to fruit and seed's wet and dry weight).The percentage of similarity within the first group was (94%), the second (95.7%) and the third (91.2%), where fruit and seed characteristics, have played a major role in groups distribution, particularly the fruit's weight.

Abstract: To study the quality of Tigris River and its suitability for drink in Mosul city , the selected samples contain two types of water (Raw , supplied ) , four areas near four water projects (new right , old Right .Oprawy & Hammam Alaleel ). the samples were taken four seasons (winter – January ),(spring April) , (summer – July ) and two times at statistical analysis. The total number of sample were 64. After the analysis of samples , a high significant effect was noticed on (Calcium , hardness , Turbidity and T.D.S )tests ,but no any effects were found on chloride test .The location of water projects had high significant effects on (chloride, calcium, hardness and turbidly ) tests, but it had only significant effect on T.D.S .However, interaction of the water types with the water projects location showed high significant effects on the calcium & the hardness tests but only a significant effects on the turbidity and chloride test .The season had a high significant effects on the chloride , calcium and hardness tests also ,with significant effects on turbidity and T.D.S tests .The interaction of the water types & season showed a rather high significant on the chloride test , and a significant effects on calcium , hardness ,turbidity and T.D.S. Moreover interactions of the location of the water projects with the season showed high significant effects on the chloride , calcium and hardness ,and a significant effect on the turbidity and T.D.S test values .The interactions of the water types , water projects locations with seasons had high significant effects on hardness , with a significant effect on the chloride , calcium , turbidity and T.D.S respectively .The tests were agreed with international standards.

Abstract: The study was crried out at the animal farm – Animal Resources Department – College of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Mosul, in order to evaluate the effect of body weight on carcass weight and some body fat measurements, and its relation with the reproductive capacity . 75 female lambs were divided at the puberty age into three weight groups (25animal. Each) the 1st . group High weight (38-44 kg) , 2nd group Intermediate weight (33.5-37.5 kg) , and 3rd group : Low weight (28-32.5 kg) . Five lambs were slaughtered in order to study the body fat parameters and the reproductive system development , The remaining lambs (20 femal lambs/group) were subjected to estrous synchronization by progesterone vaginal sponges for 12 days , then when the sponges removed , the lambs were injected with 500 U of eCG. Result revealed a significant increase in carcass weight , tail weight , abdominal fat , kidney's fat and tail weight : carcass weight % and body fat : carcass weight % in the high weight group as compared with low weight group , and a significant or arithmetic increase in high weight group in reproductive system parameters including : reproductive system weight , ovaries weight , oviducts weight and uterine horns length as compared with the other two groups . Results also revealed that the best fertilization rate , fertility and lambing% at weaning in the ewes of high and intermediate groups as compared with low weight group . In conclusions , it is possible to mate the Awassi female lamb with high ( > 38 kg) and intermediate body weight (> 33.5 -37.5 kg) at early ages .

Abstract: Twelve local ewes with lambs ( 6 Awassi and 6 Hamdani ) in early stage of lactation , 3 – 4 years of age with average body weight 54.04 kg were used in this study. The ewes were divided into three groups each of four. The ewes in each group fed on three rations consist mainly from barley, wheat bran, soybean and wheat straw , The first group was the control ( T1 ) , the second group ( T2 ) was fed on the same ration with supplement 0.5 g/ewe of vitamin E and selenium blend. While the third group ( T3 ) was fed on the same ration after including heat treated soybean meal and supplemented with 0.5 g/ewe of vitamin E and selenium blend. The ewes in each group was fed periodically on experimental ration in latin square design ( 3 × 3 ) every period lasted 17 days . Results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on milk yield which were between 708 – 843 g/day and corrected milk ( 4% fat ) 715 – 982g/day, in spite of milk yield was improved by 19% and fat corrected milk 37% in T3 as compared T1 and T2. Also the differences was not significant in milk fat 4.02 – 4.91%, protein 5.42 – 5.90%, lactose 4.55 – 4.69% and milk urea 25.07 – 26.79 mg/dl. Quantity of energy excreted in milk increased mathematically in T3 775 kcal/day as compared T1 and T2 584 And 596 kcal/day respectively. Blood parameters had no significant differences among treatments.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of replacement of germinated sorghum instead of corn on productive performance and some physiological parameters of two strains of quail (brown and black) Six hundred unsexed one day old quail of two strains (300 of each) were used in this study . Birds reared on floor from 1-110 days of age in semi opened house at the farm of Animals Resources Department - Collage of Agriculture and Forestry - University of Mosul. Five treatments were used as follows : T1:(Control) with yellow corn .T2,T3,T4andT5 replacement of germinated sorghum instead of yellow corn (25 , 50 , 75 and 100)% respect . Feed and water were Ad Libitum . Statistical analysis of data showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) among treatments and strains were observed in live body weight , average weekly weight gain , feed consumption and relative growth rate . Significant improve (P≤0.05) in feed conversion ratio during sixth week of age were observed for brown birds as compared with the black in treatments (2 , 4 and 5). After sexual maturity age no significant differences were observed between the treatments and strains in percentages of egg production H.D.P.% , feed consumption , feed conversion ratio , average egg weight , yolk weight , white weight , yolk height , white height , glucose concentration , triglyceride , albumin , globulin , total protein , packed cell volume (P.C.V.) , hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell count in blood serum .

Abstract: This experiment was conducted at the Poultry private farm in Taqtaq - Erbil to determine the effect of magnetically treated water on male sexual traits in broiler breeder during hot climate in summer. A total of 80 Cobb-500 cocks, 40 weeks old were allocated randomly into four treatment groups with four replicates. Magnetically treated water were served in cocks drinking from the first day of experiment until the end which lasted 4 months (June, July, August and September). Experimental treatments were as follows: Treatment T1: control group (well water), Treatments T2, T3 and T4 used magnetically treated water with strength 500, 1000 and 2000 gauss in drinking water. Results indicated significant increase in: semen volume, spermatozoa concentration , mass motility, individual motility and spermatocrit, but showed significant decrease in: percentages of dead, abnormal spermatozoa, acrosomal abnormalities, semen plasma traits were also evaluated in relation to concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, protein and activities of GOT and GPT enzymes in seminal plasma in magnetically treated water treatments T4 (2000 gauss) and T3 (1000 gauss) as compared with T2 (500 gauss) and T1 (control group) in most traits above. The cocks resulted significant improvement in reproductive performance of the cocks during September .

Abstract: The experiment was conducted at two locations , The first was at University of Mosul, college of Agriculture and Forestry and the second was at Salah Eldin governorate (Isdera village) during the 2010-2011 season using new twenty four naked barley entries from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) in addition to the locally grown variety Rihane-3 under rainfed conditions in Iraq. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The characters studied were: number of days to 50 % flowering, maturity date, plant height, spike length, number of grains/ spike, number of spikes/ m2 , grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), harvest index and 1000-grain weight. Phenotypic and genetic variances were highly significant for all the characters. at two locations therefore the breeder can select the superior entry. Phenotypic and genetic correlations were positive and significant between grain yield and each of number of grains/spike, number of spikes/ m2 and biological yield for both locations. Heritability was high for all the characters except for harvest index at Mosul location and number of days to 50 % flowering at Isdera location which they were medium in their estimated.

Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at AL-Kuba region, west north (10 Km) of Mosul city in spring and summer seasons of 2009 to study the effect of potassium and zinc on production yield and components of sunflower. Two factors were selected for this study, potassium at three levels ( zero , 40 and 60 kg K . ha-1), and zinc at the levels ( dist. water as control , 10 and 20 mg Zn L-1 dist. water ). Simple regression was used to analyses the data for the studied characters. The results showed that there was a Linear relationship between potassium levels and the following parameters : head diameter (cm), 1000 seeds wt (g) and seed yield (Ton.ha-1), where as a quadratic relationship was found between potassium levels and the quality characters i.e. No. of seeds/head, oil percentage, oil yield(Ton.ha-1), protein percentage and protein yield(Ton.ha-1), it could be estimated that the levels of 60 kg potassium .ha-1 gave a highest value among the yields of seeds and oil . On the other hand , for zinc factor, the quadratic relationships were obtained with the zinc levels and head diameter, no. of seeds/head, 1000 seeds wt. , seed yield, oil percentage, oil yield, protein percentage and protein yield characteristics. Also it was found that the levels of 16.9 and 18.3 mg zinc L -1 dist.water gave a highest value among for the yields seeds and oil.

Abstract: The study was carried out in the agricultural season 2007-2008 in two sites: Hamam AL-Alil, 30Km south of Mosul and Hamdaniya, 20Km south East of Mosul to study some indicators of economic and technical and plant features through using three different plows (disc, mold board and chisel) in two depths for each plow (15-22 , 22-30cm) for both plows disc and mold board and (10- 15, 15- 20 cm) for chisel in two speeds (3.5-4 , 5-5.5 Km/h). These indicators include soil humidity purity, effective field capacity and 1000dinar/donum cost 1000dinar/h cost, dry root weight, blossoming date, plant height and total yield. The results show significant surpass of triple interaction: second site, second speed and chisel plow with first depth in most of the studied features. The most important over being yield, plant height and dinar/donum cost and effective field capacity of plows. More over, this interaction is not significantly different from the best score of humidity, purity gained and blossoming date.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to study the effect of introducing a new technique to the lifter used for root crops on the product through adopting a more efficient separation device than the conventional one. This was achieved by using a soil separation device provided with a rotating spiral cylinder as a prototype for separating device. The crop chosen for testing of this technique was potatoes as it is one of the most important and sensitive product to the mechanical effect. This technique was compared with one stage vibrating chain separation lifter (made by the national institution for farming machine production in Algeria, certified by PAM comp. type 1908 – 1/R). The data were subjected to the statistical analyses by using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorial experiment with three replications. Results of analyses of variance showed a significant difference between the two separation devices of lifting machines in its effects on all the studied properties with better results obtained by the cylindrical lifter on the chain lifter for both locations (Clay soil & Loamy-Sandy Soil). & it recorded (74.13 , 68.66)% for undamaged tubers , (16.19 , 19.71)% slightly damaged tubers , (7.84 , 10.75)% sever damaged tubers & (0.86 , 1.09)% for quantitative loss for both locations respectively

Abstract: Isolation results from beans showed the presence of the fungus R.solani . It is also shown that the degree of parasitism and antagonism of the two biological control agents (BCA) T.viride . T.harzianum was significant . It was clear from the study of the effect of tumiating used in the laboratory that the fungicide benlate gave the highest percentage inhibition % 100 at the cocentration of 100 . 200 mlg/liter . followed by the fungicide dividend 65 – 9 % at the concentration of 200 mlg/liter . (BCA) significantly differ as far as the disease severity (0.25 . 0.38 zespectively) and effect of the two fungicides on the percentage of infection pre-and post emergency are concerned . It is obvious that the treatment of the fungicide benlate alone gave the lowest percentage of infection than the fungicide dividend alone pre and post emergence (33.3 . 6.6 % respectively) . The percentage of infection Pre and Post emergence at the treatment of the fungicide devidind alone (0.40 and 13.3 respectively). From the effect of the (BCA) on some studied characteristics of the plant it was clear that the (BCA.) T.harizianum and T.viride were not significantly different in the length of the shoot and root . the dry and wet weight of the shoot and they significantly differed in the wet and dry weight of the root . They also differed from the control treatment (contaminated soil)

Abstract: The results revealed that Smito cultivar of wheat recorded highest reduction percentage in growth and yield criteria as a result of nematode infection comparing to Sham4,Caroniya and Icsad cultivars in which the reduction percentage in plant and spike lengthes and hay weight reached it’s minimum value, in addition the minimum reduction percentage in biological yield,number and weight of grains were recorded in Tamoz2 cv. On the other hand the percentage infection was restricted between Tammoz2 and Sham 6 as minimum (22.3%) and maximum(62.5)Percentage respectively.Regarding to barley cvs. the reduction percentage reached it’s maximum in plants lengths,hay weight and biological yield in Acsad 14 cv.and in spike lengthes in Local white cv.and in number and weight of grains in Kahtan cv.while reduction percentage reduced to it’s minimum levels in plant and spike lengthes,hay and biological yield weight, number and weight of grains in the Local black, Rayhan,Kahtan,Reseaches1,Zanbaka and Tadmur cvs.respectively.results also indicated that all barley cultivars were severly susceptible to nematode in which infection percentage did not decline from 79%in Local white cv.and rechead it’s maximum percentage (100%) in each of Acasd14,Rayhan,Forat,Local black and Kahtan cvs.

Abstract: Results of Races identification of citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans revealed that the three isolates of nematode used in this study which belong to Mediteranean race .Histopathological study showed that the effect of citrus nematode extend to various root tissues of sour orange and lemon including cells of the epidermis and cortex as well as gradual breakdown of the cell walls happened and empty of those cells, enlargement of cells located in front of nematode head appeared as a result of that five nurse cells formed in front of nematode head in cortex as well as in endodermis and pericycle.

Abstract: Behavior study of mud dauber wasp S. caucasicum showed that the adults spend their hibernation beneath the falling leaves in fields nearby buildings from the early November till the end of February and returned to build their solitary nests in grouped cells with an average of 7.5 – 14.5 cell/ nest from March till the Middle of October and laid one egg per each cell. The results of 506 nest inspected from September 2008 till August 2009 revealed that the females builds 1 – 21 cell and single cell in 104 nests. The females of wasps collect orb weaver spiders and lepidopterous larva from the plants to fed the larva of wasps after hatching , variation appear in kind and number of the preys and reached 1 – 45 individual/ cell. The orb weaver spiders are available during the following months ( September, October, November and December, 2008 & also in January, February, May, June, July and August, 2009. A significant positive correlation appeared between wasp larva and their preys with temperature and non- significant negative correlation with relative humidity.

Abstract: Result of attractant and repellent effect at three concentration 1 ,3 and 5 % of water and hexen cumin and Fennel seeds extracts on Khabra larvae feeding on wheat seeds, showed that both extract types had repellent effect at all concentrations in use ,the higher repellent effect was 90 % and balanced power ratio was -251 , when cumin Fennel water extracts were used at 5% ,While the lower repellent effect was 30% and balanced power ratio was –58.33.when Fennel water extract was used at 3%. The general effect of cumin in repellent power effect was higher than Fennel repellent power effect with an average -142.45 , -112.67 respectively , the result also showed that cumin hexan extract caused the higher repellent power effect -146 while Fennel hexan extract scored the lower repellent power effect -111.23 .

Abstract: The results of the studying the effect of magnetic water , hared water and river water on emulsifiability of some Pesticides stored under 45 , 50 , 55 , -5 , 0 , 5 ºC for one, two, three months revealed that the highest layer thickness separated from Flash emulsion reached 10,75 mm . stored for 3 months under 55 ºC when diluted by magnetic water , followed by Cyrin 4,6 mm in comparison with control which reached 0,2 mm . The results also showed that temperature increase the separating layer thickness , and the highest mean thickness of separating layer was obtained from Super cyrin stored under -5 ºC for 3 months and reached 4,23 mm when diluted by hared water followed by Cyrin diluted with magnetic water and reached 2,75 mm .

Abstract: Cutworm control was conducted to show the integrated effect between insecticide and weed eradication. Results showed that the insecticide Loresban was significantly more effective in compeer with weed eradication and seed treatment with the insecticide Cruiser in reducing the number of cutting plant, chewing plant leaves & chewing area amount. The best treatment for control was spraying the plants and the soil with Loresban where number of cutting plant was 1.17 plant, chewing plant leaves were 6 & chewing area amount was 8,28 cm2.and the means of control treatment was 4,06 plant, 11,22 leaf, 11,22 cm2 respectively , and it was found significant differences at 5٪ probability between treatments .Eradication progress caused significant reduce in chewing plant leaves number & chewing area amount and it was also showed that the best treatment was pre planting weed eradication and the result was 6.72 chewing plant leaves & 21.18 cm2 chewing area amount. Seed treatment with the insecticide Cruiser reduced the number of cutting plant the lower number with average 1.85, without any effect to other characters.

Abstract: The results of studying the susceptibility on some peach varieties infection by Brachychudus amygdalinus (Schout) in Ninavah province during the year 2010 showed that the infestation by the of aphids B. amygdalinus (Schout) started during the last weak of march on the peach varieties and reached nymphs average numbers on the varieties Giant . Babcok. Earli gande. Elberta 19.51. 16.74 . 15.96. 21.57 Nymph /leaf and adult 2.98 . 3.41 . 2.35 . 4.74 adult/leaf respectively. The result of analytical study also showed that there was a significant difference in infestation percentage that it reached 16.36 . 16.78 . 15.72. 15.25 % respectively of the study varicties . Mean value of parasitism of all aphid was between 1.22-6.20 and parasitoids between 0.96-4.82 .