Abstract: This study was conducted on poplar bud psyllid in Ninevah during the years 2004 and 2005. For the first time Egeirotrioza justa Burk & Laute has been studied and recorded in Iraq. The poplar bud psyllid Egeirotrioza justa Burck & Laute attacks Populous euphratica trees and as a result of feeding by newly nymphs, small galls are formed on the twig tissues near the buds. The adults appeared on the trees during May to July. Mating usually occurred during the first week of May, mean periods of pre – oviposition, oviposition and post – oviposition (1.8 ± 0.74, 5.30 ± 0.57,and 2.00 ± 0.49) days, respectively. Egg laying took place singly on the leaf petiols, and on bouth services and margins of mature as well as the tender young leaves and twigs. The average number of eggs laid per female was 21.80, hatching of eggs was 80%, and sex ratio was 1:2. This species hibernates as a second nymphal instar. This insect has one generation per year.The study indicated that the south direction of a tree from south side of the forest and at a height more than 3m for trees were represented high average number of eggs nymphs and adults (100.00, 64.48,and 57.40), respectively.

Abstract: Analytical study of local climate and hydrology of forest stands were done at Nenevah plantations. The study involved analysis of some climatic parameters of 2002 and gross precipitation data since September (2003) till April (2006). The results indicated that the mean of relative humidity during winter months ranged between 66% - 84% and effective temperature was more than 24 ْ C during June and July which caused sultriness feeling, also increasing of vapor pressure was noticed in these months as compared to winter months, maximum and minimum amounts of saturation deficit in July and February were 35.4, 1.04 mb respectively , means of dew point and wet bulb of these months were 19.5 ْ C and 24 ْ C respectively. Amount of precipitation varied from 285 mm to 404mm during study period. maximum throughfall of Pinus brutia, Eucalyptus camaldulensis , and Platanus occidentalis were respectively 269,342,363mm during 2006 water year, but amounts of runoff estimated by depending on runoff coefficient method of 2004,2005,2006 water years were 46, 42, 60 mm respectively.

Abstract: Field experiment was carried out in Al – Nawaran field (35 km north Mosul city) and in the field of Agric & Forestry College , Mosul University (Northen Iraq) during growing season 2005 – 2006 to study the effect of different tillage system (Mold board plow + harrowing , Chisel plow + harrowing , Offset disk harrow and Zero tillage for two types ,of wheat (durm and soft grain)) on wheat yield and weed biomass .The experiment designe was RCBD with three replicates as asplit plote. The main plote was wheat types while the sub plote was tillage system. Result indicated that there was more weed number had seen at collge farm than Al– Nawaran and weed dry weight was increased up to 22,20% in soft than durm wheat at Al – Nawaran and college locations respectively. Less weed biomass had seen with the moldboad plow than other treatments . The differences between mold – board and zero tillage reach up 57.7,66.5 % in two locations respectively in spite of low grain yield was recorded at college farm , number of seeds / spike and grain yield was superier in soft than durm wheat . Moldboard plow at Al – Nawaran and moldboard or chesial at college location gave higher number of spik / m² , number of seeds /spike and higher yield ( kg/ha) .On other hand, less yield had recoerded with the zero tillage and the differences between moldboord and zero tillage in the grain yield was reached up to 23 , 63% at two locations, respectively .

Abstract: Endogenous concentrations of free and bound abscisic acid (ABA) in bitter almond seeds Badam variety (local variety) from Sulaimania orchards Prunus amygdalus L. were determined by TLC and HPLC during various periods of cold stratification (0,15,30,45, and 60 days) and the germination was investigated at the Plant Hormones Laboratory in the Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, during the period 2004 to 2005. The results indicated that cold stratification (at 5 ºC using perforated polyethylene bags filled with moistened perlite) significantly reduced abscisic acid (ABA) contents of the seeds and their endocarps. A sharp significantly decline in ABA was observed during the first 15 days, especially in 45 days, after that the decline was completely decreased. The reduction in the level of ABA during stratification was associated with significantly increased germination percentage especially for 45 days (85.133 %).

Abstract: This study shows the effect of the factors in the developing of price policy and it is fluctuation for wheat crop in world market, because this policy has importance and effective role in the volume of production, consumption and distribution. The research depends on the quantative and economical analysis to reach the aims. Results shows that the variables (trade net, bart prices and corn prices) are significant in effecting the developing of price policy of wheat and (R2) (95.8%), the results also shows the significant of the variables (trade net and the index number of inflation) in effecting the fluctuation of price policy and ( R2) (81.4%) from variables total. throughout this research, we reaching to the results and suggesting.

Abstract: The study aims at estimating the knowledge level of tomatoes growers in general in Zomar region, identifying their knowledge level in aspects, items of the test, determining the relationship between knowledge level and some independent variables studied. Data had been collected from (80) farmer which represent (25%) of population. The data had been analyzed by using: weighted, Person correlation, Spearman-Brown. The results revealed that (8.75%)of respondent were of low knowledge level,(51.25 %) medium and (40%) high level of knowledge in growing tomatoes. The higher level of knowledge was in aspects (maturation, gathering and marketing, aspect diseases and insect that invade the crop).The study showed that there were significant Relationship between knowledge level and variables(age, agricultural cultivated area, income, agricultural information sources).The study also showed that there were no relationship between knowledge level and variables(education level, type of farm ownership and experience in agricultural).

Abstract: This study was conducted in Agricultural College/ Dohuk University during the period 1st Sep 2004 and 30th Jun 2005. The objective was to improve the growth of maidenhair plant (Adiantum tenerum 'Scutum Roseum) by selecting a suitable and available media and boron nutrition requirement. Two kinds of media were used, loamy soil : manure, and loamy soil : peat moss (2:1 by volume) and boron foliar application (boric acid) in concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90,120) mg / L. Results showed in vegetative dry weight, root dry weight, leaf length, leaves number for plants growing in peat moss media increased by 25%, 9%, 16%, 28% consecutively comparing with those grown in manure media. While chemical content cannot effected by this factor except nitrogen 4.02% which increased significantly in plants growing in animals manure media. Spray plants with the medium concentration of boron 60 mg/L give highest values which a superiority significant for most of vegetative and chemical characters when comparing with the others and reached 5.71 g, 0.548 g, 44.30 cm, 4.20%, 0.535% for vegetative dry weight, root dry weight, leaf length, nitrogen, and phosphorus consecutively except leaves number when spread with 30 mg/L and boron content 0.140% when spray with highest concentration 120mg/L. Interactions between the two factors have significantly effected all vegetative and chemical characters and highest values obtained when plant grown in peat moss media and sprayed with 60 mg/L and reached 6.08 g, 0.550 g, 47.40 cm, for vegetative dry weight, root dry weight, leaf length, consecutively except leaves number when plant grown in the same media and spread with 30 mg/L while nitrogen and phosphorus gave higher concentration when plants grown in animals manure and sprayed with 60 mg/L as well as boron content 0.153% when spray with highest concentration 120 mg/L. and grown in peat moss media .

Abstract: Two experiments were carried out at College of Agriculture and and Forestry , Mosul Universty in 2003 growing season to determine the doses , frequency , duration time of application at different stage of Johnson grass growth on the efficiency of paraquate for control S . halepense . Data was subjected to the conventional analysis of Randomized Complete Block Design ( RCBD) as a factorial experiment . Results indicated that all concentrations used had effect on plant growth but there is no significant effect between different doses on growth of S . halepense rhizomes . Plant that received 0.15 , 0.30 , 0.60 L a.i / ha of paraquate at every week were more effect which reduce plant length up to 82.1 , 88.3 , 88.3 % respectively , while there was no rhizomes emerge when it spray every 3 or 4 weeks interval . However , the reduction of shoot length and dry weight were up to 44.3 and 47.5 % respectively with two times sprayed especially at flowering stage if it compared with the single application.

Abstract: This study was conducted in two locations Singar and Tal-A’ffar to study the effect water quality for irrgation by choosing ten wells for each locations .Results indicated that the water at singar was classified (C3-S1)while at Tal-Affar were (C3-S1) and (C4-S1). So that.the first can be used by improving irrigation .on the other hand. the second one affect both soil and plant. Also. Results reveals the cations and anions as follows (Na+ >Ca++ >Mg++ >K+) and (Na+ >Mg++> Ca++ >K+). (HCO3- >SO4= >Cl-)and (HCO3->Cl- >SO4=) for water wells at singar and Tal-Affer respectively

Abstract: Nitrogen fertilizers factory is situated to the west of the river Tigris Kms north of Baiji, it is one of the biggest nitrogen fertilizers companies in Iraq. This factory disposes ( ) /day of industrial waters as average through a Kms channel. The study was conducted near the basin an area about donamas. The soil of this area is a loamy-sand with a content of Ca and Gypsum and poor plant cover. Two experiments were carried out, one was an agricultural field study, the second was carried out in the laboratory. Local barely crop was planted, some of the treatments were irrigated with industrial waste waters and others with Tigris river waters to know the effect of industrial waters on environmental pollution and land degradation by the quantity of and heavy elements washed towards ground water. The results showed that industrial waters caused an increase in leached nitrate level toward groundwater at rate approximately compared with river water treatment, and this quantity of nitrate ( ) is very trace and dose not exceed ( ). However, this quantity may have some effects in the future on the phenomenon of Eutrophication and the infection of children and animals with Methomoglobnemia.

Abstract: 400 of unsexsd chickens (Fawbro) at 22 days old were used to study the effect of adding vitamin c to Drinking water on some physiological and productive performance of broiler reared under high environmental temperature 36o C for eight hours daily . Four treatment were used as follows : T1 Control No vitamin c added , T2 Adding 100mg vitamin cLiter water , T3 Adding 150mg vitamin cLiter water , T4 Adding 200mg vitamin cLiter water, feed and water were Ad Libitum . Statistic analysis showed that adding vitamin c resulted in significant increase P ≤ 0.5 in average body weight , relative growth rate , feed consumption , R.B.C. numbers , Hb concentration . Significant decrease P ≤ 0.5 in Glycogen concentration in Liver and Heart , Blood glucose level ,P.C.V.volume and water consumption .No significant differences were showed in Dressing percentage .

Abstract: 360 Three hundred and sixtyof unsexed broiler (Fawbro) 22 days old werwe used in thisto study the effect of additionng Vitamin c to Drinking water on some productive performance of broiler exposed to high cyclic heat (((25-36-25) 0c , Four experimental treatments werwe used as follow : (1) Control (No Vitamin c added), 2) Addition of 100mg Vitamin c Liter of Drinking water , (3) Addition of 150mg Vitamin cLiter of Drinking water and (4) Addition of 200mg Vitamin cLiter of Drinking water .Food and water were Ad Libitum .Statistic analysis of data Showed No Significant differences (p ≤= 0.5) for average weekly body weight ,Feed ConvertionConversion Ratio and Mortality between the treatments .The addition of vitamin c to Drinking water resulted in significant increasing (p ≤ =0.5) in Feed Consumption in eight week, decrease ,in Water Consumption in Seven ,and eight weeks , Total amount and significant Ddecrease in Body temperature and Bblood PH .

Abstract: Thirty five Awassi lambs of 5.5–6 months old, with average initial body weight 34.25 kg were divided randomly into five groups each of 7 lambs. All lambs groups were fed ad libitum for 70 days on one of the five rations. The first group (A) was fed on barley grain only, group (B) barley grain with 10% sun flower meal and 0.7% urea, group (C) barley grain with 10% vetch seeds, group (D) barley grain with 20% vetch seeds and finally group (E) barley grain with 30% vetch seeds in addition to limestone and salt. After 4 weeks four lambs were randomly chosen from each group for digestibility trials to study the effects of treatments on nutrients digestibility. At the end of the experiment three lambs from each group were randomly chosen and slaughtered to study the carcass characteristics. Daily food intake for the five groups were similar and there was no significant differences in the digestibility of DM, CP, ether extract and CF. whereas the group that took 30% vetch seeds had a significantly higher NFE digestibility compared with group A. calculated increases were observed in feed conversion efficiency, average daily gain, final weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib eye area and fat thickness for group (E).

Abstract: This study was conducted in the animal husbandry station Al-Rashidiya, a branch of the general enterprise of animal researches in Mosul Governorate. Twenty one single female lambs at weaning age 90 days were divided randomly into three groups, fed on three rations different in protein levels 12, 15 and 18%. The rations was offered restricted feeding at a rate of 1 kg/head/day until the age of puberty. Weight of female lambs were recorded monthly after weaning age up to age of nine months. Blood samples were collected monthly at age of six months from Jugular vein to determine the concentrations of FSH hormone. All the female lambs were subjected to the rams at age of 7 months to determine the age and weight of early breeding. The results indicated that protein levels had no significant effect on the age and weight of lambs at puberty. The female lambs which were fed 12% ration reached the age of puberty at 242 days and were faster than other lambs which fed 15 and 18% rations. However, lambs fed on 18% protein reached the age of puberty at weight of 41.30kg when compared with other lambs fed other level of protein and were 42.88 and 44.83 kg, respectively. Protein levels had a significant ( < 0.05) effect on the concentration of F S H at age of 7 and 9 months only. However, only 15 female lambs were successfully breed. Mating was take place between 246-319 days of age.

Abstract: This study was carried out at Ninevah plantation Nursery in Mosul city, during the period from mid January to the end of October (1999) to investigate the effect of four collection times, and four cutting lengths, Using tow planting methods (Vertical and Horizontal) in propagation of Salix seedlings. This experiment was conducted as factorial experiment in Randomized completely Block Design with three factors and three blocks. Several growth and propagation traits was studies. The result showed that the collection cutting time (15 February), cutting length (30 cm.) and that vertical planting method were the best, it gave higher means for all studied characteristics. The result also showed that the following interactions between (collection cutting time 15 February and cutting length 30 cm.), (collection cutting time 15 February and vertical planting method), (cutting length 30 cm. and vertical planting method) and (collection cutting time 15 February and cutting length 30 cm. and vertical planting method) was the best among other interactions.

Abstract: Simple regression was used to obtain a mathematical equations for estimating the total stemwood density in three species of forest tree, namely: Pinus brutia Ten, Casuarina equestifolia, and Eualyptus Camaldulensis Dehn; by connecting the total stemwood density in its orginal form as dependent variable with the density values at breast height. A sample of 44 Pine trees, 34 Casuarina and 32 eucalyptes were used in this study. An equation was obtained for each type of wood characterized by having a very high R2 and a low S.E.% which confirmed the high accuracy of the obtained equations, the equation are:

Abstract: This Study was carried out on the Ceratonia siliqua seeds in its natural distribution regions in Syria. These seeds were treated with some mechanical (scarification), chemical (H2SO4) treatments and Hot water. The results showed that there are high differences between most treatments in all the study areas according to the period germination and the weight of seedlings. It was found that the seeds of Beit-salhab and Al-muhawata then Al-isawia and Ras-albasit's seeds gave better results than the seeds of Harem and Mardash under affect of scarification and H2SO4 treatments according to the period germination and the weight of seedlings, so we should engorge these seeds propagation to give the best nursling and good quality of fruits. Due to the fact that Ceratonia siliqua is a Multi-purposes tree, and according to the results obtained, it was suggested that it’s necessary to put a plan for the conservation of the Carob tree in its natural distribution regions, choose the best ways to propagate it and enforce its economic and environmental role by using it in the afforestation plans.

Abstract: The references and studies commend it is possible to put like these tables for developed, not for developing countries because it need perfect data, for that the economy of Welsh and Canada were chosen to derived the input-output of interference of forestry sector and other industrial economic activities which depend wood as raw materials with other sector which have relationship with forestry. And two tables for Canadian Economy were put using input-output model for the Employment and compensation in forestry sector and wood field. The results of welsh showed that these are an interrelationship of forestry with printing, publishing , petrolation, chemical products, furniture, electrical power, machine sales, hotels and recreation. And also welfare that the total purchase was 13.4 million dollars from UK and 3.6 million dollar from other countries, also the results declare the size of the whole- consumption, taxes , labor cost and the total surplus of employees. In addition to the interrelationship of the production sector and the other economic sectors. Concerning the results of Canada, which show the size of employment in forestry and wood sector, the cost of employments in forestry sector for both male and female, reached 2934 million dollars and in the Agro forestry actives was 7.5 million dollar, it was distributed to ages of forestry and the proposed activities in Agro forestry. This study gives also the tables of final consumption of wood products with coefficient matrix of input- output tables which illustrates the contribution of economic actives such as wood production import and export in the consumption of wood products, The total consumption of industrial wood, lumbers, composition boards, pulp and papers and paperboard, appeared to be: 199.9 , 21.7, 5.9 , 71.7 and 26 million dollar respectively.

Abstract: Afield experiment was conducted at Rabiaa research station under moderate rainfall area (350 – 450mm) which is located 90km North west of Mosul city for the three consecutive growing seasons 99/2000, 2000/2001, 2001/2002 . To study the comparison between 6 cultivars of Fieldpeas (Pisum sativum L.) are, Nesire, Messire, Merier, Ariane, AliAire, Ariare. Randomized completely block design was used with three replications. Combined analysis results, showed that superiority of Nesire and Messire cultivars in dry matter yield 578 and 576 kg/ha respectively, height of plant was followed a similar pattern 30 and 31cm for Nesire and Messire cultivars. In respect to seed yield, Nesire, Messire and Merier were surpassed over others in seed yield 870, 857, 838 kg/ha respectively, whereas Nesire cultivar was surpassed in biological yield 2132 kg/ha. On the contrary, AliAire and Ariare cultivars gave the lowest values of seed yield 612 and 502 kg/ha but for biological yield was 2012 and 1616 kg/ha. Partioning of dry matter (harvest index) between the seed yied and the rest of the plant was not significant. The Nesire and Messire cultivars were significantly increased in the number of pods / plant 3.70 and 3.67. The increases in seed yield were due mainly to the number of pods / plant. Number of seeds/ pod was significantly increaseed under Nesire cultivar 3.9 seeds/ pod. No significaat differenas in the weight of l000 seeds.

Abstract: Findings of the current study have shown that the damage volume and percentage have started with the primary appearance of lace bug adults. The more the insect numbers increased; the more the damage area and percentage were, and have reached 3.10, 3.52, 4.5Cm3 and 67, 16, 91, 17, 20.08% for Zafarnia, Othmani, and Le-Cont varieties respectively when the insects average number was 7, 13.5, 17.5 insectleaf for the varieties at temperature average of 27.96C and relative humidity of 51.5%, whilst damage area and percentage have reached in the 1st of August 7.7, 8, 11.52 for the damage area respectively and 15, 34, 89, 33, 40.67% for damage percentage respectively; at temperature average of 27.16C and relative humidity of 35.5%. A decrease in the insects average number to 2.25, 4, 9.75 insectleaf for the Zafarnia, Othmani, and Le-Cont pear varieties has resulted in a damage area and percentage of 0.39, 0.78, 2.62Cm2 and 2.16, 4.06, 10.83% respectively at temperature average of 10.08C relative humidity of 75.81%. The results also revealed a significant and positive correlation between insect number and temperature and the damage average area and percentage while the correlation with relative humidity was significant and negative for the varieties under discussion.