Abstract: The research aimed to identify the knowledge levels of the Duhok Agriculture employees on integrated Pest Management (IPM) fields. The correlation between the degree of employee knowledge and some independent variables identified. And to identify some personal and functional characteristics of the researchers consisted of two parts. The first part which contained the independent variables of the respondents and the second part included a test the level of knowledge of agricultural employees in the field of IPM including 38 items distributed over the 6 parts: 1. General principles 2. Control by agricultural methods 3. Physical control 4. Biological control. 5. Legislative control 6. Chemical control. Data were collected through a personal interview with simple random samples of agricultural employees, representing 25% of the total of 52 respondents. The results showed that the degree of knowledge of Duhok agriculture employees in the field of integrated management in general was moderate and tends to high. Moreover, employees’ knowledge in the field of biological control and their lack of experience with regard to biological enemies, predators and parasites was low. On the other hand, there were a significant correlation between the degree of knowledge of the respondents and each of the independent variables, (the number of family members, specialization, education level, and previous training). On the other hand, there was no correlation with other variables (Age, gender, work location, upbringing, number years of agricultural service, years of preventive agricultural service, Job title, and Information sources in the field of integrated pest management). The researcher recommended that the necessity of paying attention to the topic of IPM through expanding the scope of seminars and extension to increase the knowledge and information of agricultural employees, and work to prepare and implement the intensive and specialized training programs carried by the Ministry of Agriculture in the region.

Abstract: This experiment carried out at vegetables field of Horticulture and landscape department. College of Agriculture and Forestry. University of Mosul during the spring season (2018). The experiment included two factors. First was two hybrids of summer squash (MARVEL F1) and (ISMALIA F1), the second factor was included the seaweed extract (Acadian) at three concentrations of (0 , 2 and 4 gm.L-1). thus the experiment included 6 treatments (2 × 3). The experiment carried out in the field using split-plots system in R.C.B.D design the hybrids placed in the main plots while the sub plots included Acadian extract levels each treatment repeated three times. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test at 0.05 were applied for all recorded data. The results could be summarized as follows: Marvel and Ismailia hybrid plants did not differ in all studied flowering growth characteristics (appearance date of the first male and female flower (day) on the plant, number of male and female flowers     (flower.plant -1), sexual ratio, set ratio of female flowers).  The Acadian extract factor in both hybrids used showed it as the important and influencing factor in some studied traits, as its use led to significant results in some traits of flowering growth, and the treatments of Acadian extract at 2 and 4 g. L -1concentration did not differed between them significantly in most of the effects.

Abstract: The study was done to evaluate the impacts of either sharing or supplementing of 200 mg⁄ Kg of Curcuma longa or their combination, on productive and some serum blood biochemical traits of Awassi lambs. Twenty four (6 lambs/group), 5-6 month old with average trail weight (29.57 Kg) were assigned randomly into four groups. The first group: T1 lambs were fed only control diet (control). The second group: T2 lambs were shared and fed also the control group diet. The third group: T3 lambs were fed control diet supplemented with Curcuma longa, 200 mg / kg diet . The fourth group: T4 shared and fed also the control group diet and supplemented with Curcuma longa, 200 mg / kg diet. The experiment lasted for three months. Final body weight, average daily gain and relative mean growing were detected. Serum blood glucose, total proteins, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and liver enzymes AST and ALT were also analyzed. The results showed that final body weight, body weight gain, serum total protein and globulin significantly (P≤0.05) increased, when lambs supplemented with Curcuma longa (T3) and shared and supplemented (T4) compared with other groups. Also, the results showed a significant (P≤0.05) increasing in serum triglyceride and decreasing in AST when lamb shared and supplemented with Curcuma longa. While ALT increased significantly in T4. No significant differences were presented between groups in relative mean growing, glucose, albumin, and cholesterol at 12th week of study.

Abstract: The impact of dietary supplementation with (2) levels of canola seed powdered and the effect of different local quails' lines and the influence of diet × line on the productive performance, Some hematological traits and genetic relationship, has to be investigated in this study. A total of 162 laying quail in three lines color white; black; and yellowish-brown were randomly distributed to (3) treatment groups with (3) replicates/ treatment/ line T0: control (standard diet); T1 and T2 were standard diets supplemented with 1% and 3% canola seeds powder (CSP) respectively. The results of Genetic relationship using RAPD-PCR marker, noted that genetic similarity values range between 0.5 to 1. The highest number of bands was 28 among all groups used. The highest percentage of Polymorphisms observed in the primer OPA-14. The highest range of the molecular weight was (200 - 1500 bp). The basal diet supplemented with 3% of (CSP) had higher final body weight. There was a significant (P≤0.05) difference between line groups, as the brown line exhibited higher values for final body weight. It can be noted that T2 (3% CSP) the white line had a higher Feed intake. 1% and 3% (CSP) provided best feed conversion ratio. T1 (1% CSP) had higher egg mass, egg weight and hen-day egg production. T2 recorded highest levels since hematocrit level influenced. Generally, can be concluded and recommended that using 1%, 3% (CSP) had helped improve body metabolism and satisfactorily impacts performance and health in different local quail lines.

Abstract:        To evaluate the effect of protected methionine and lysine in the weights of ewes, their lamb's and wool growth . This study was conducted for the period from 1/5/2018 until 1/5/2019 in Bayoubakht area 20 km north of Mosul, in a private farm, using 16 pregnant Awassi ewes with average body weight 49.07±0.85 and aged 2-3 years. Ewes were divided into two groups, fed with a restricted amount of 1.5 kg per ewe daily of standard ration without supplement in a control group, or ration supplemented with protected methionine 2.5g and lysine 2.5g per ewe daily in PRML group. Results were revealed that feeding with protected amino acids had no significant effects in ewes body weight during stages of pregnancy and milk production, but led to a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in lambs weight in the second and third month after birth (16.60 and 18.42 kg) and total weight gain 14.11 kg as compared with Control 12.90, 14.28 kg and 9.57 kg respectively, as well as significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase was noted in wool fleece in PRML group 2.16 kg as compared with C ontrol group 1.89 kg, also average wool tress length and fiber length was improved when ewes fed with protected methionine and lysine by a ratio of 24.02 and 21.99% respectively as compared with the control. In conclusion, supplementation of ewes ration with protected methionine and lysine during pregnancy and lactating stages improve the growth performance of lambs, wool production, and characteristics. 

Abstract: ABSTRACT This study was conducted In Animal Production Department fields, at college of agriculture and forestry, University of Mosul, by using 24awassi male lambs average body weight 26.43± 2.46 kg and their ages ranged 5-6 months, lambs were divided into four treatments and fed ration consisting of barley, wheat bran, wheat straw and urea. The lambs were fed the first treatment (control) without additives, while 10 g/lamb/day dry bread yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) was added to the second treatment, 10g/lamb/day of probiotic was added to the third treatment, and the fourth treatment was added in a mixture of 5 g dry bread yeast and 5 g probiotic/lamb/day. The results were showed that daily feed intake of feed was 999, 1171, 1004, 1104 g/lamb/day, Daily body weight gain increased significantly(P<0.05) 129, 201, 152, 205 g/lamb/day. Hot carcass weight incresed (P<0.05) in the second and third treatmeata as compared first (control) 19.706, 23.750, 21.380, 24.516 kg. Also results indicated that there were significant differences (P <0.05) for the third and fourth treatments in rumen pH after 2 hours of feeding were 5.43, 5.78, 6.11 , 5.97 respectively. no significant differences were noted in serum parameters. Through the results, it is noted that most of the productive representative of the additive treatments of dry bread yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) are added.

Abstract: Soil cracks are an important physical property of expanded clay soils accompanied by distinctive morphological features such as Galgi and Silkensides as a result of the expansion and contraction processes by moistening and drying the soil which effect on water movement and its flow into the soil body, Three experiments were conducted to study the pattern of soil cracks formation and to show the extent of the effect of adding sand and sheep residues on the cracks forms. Some morphological characteristics resulted from the cracking process such as Number of separate pieces, Cracks length, Cracks width, Thickness of hard part, Area of cracked pieces and Crack pattern were calculated in this study. The morphological description of the cracks showed a clear difference in their forms and the width of the cracks in proportion to the depth of the cracks with their width. The results showed a decrease in the width and length of the cracks with an increase in the addition of sand and sheep residues. Significant differences appeared in values of Crack Intensity Factor (CIF) when adding sheep residues by 6% compared with 6% sand and control treatment. The value of CIF was (2.25%, 2.60% and 3.78%) for sheep residues, sand and control respectively, thus it affected the behavior and pattern of soil cracks.

Abstract:        Quantity intensity parameters were used to evaluate the dynamics of potassium in soils under the management of different agricultural use. Sixteen soil samples were collected from Nineveh Governorate to study the forms of potassium relationship of different forms of in these soils, i.e., available, water-soluble, exchangeable, were ranged from (0.005-0.272),( 0.486 to 1.252) and (0.749 to 2.355), respectively.In general, the quantity/intensity (Q/I) of K may serve as an index for the intensity and quantity of effective K supply to plants in soils. the quantity-Intensity relationship of Potassium was studied to quantify potassium release for the studied soils. results showed, potassium activity ratio (AReK) is related to changes with labile potassium (±ΔK) at equilibrium and increased together with increasing potassium concentrations, and it is ranged between (3.91 and 24.21) 10-3 (mol.L-1)1/2. The range of labile K+(KL) values is equal to (0.18- 0.61) cmol.kg-1, respectively, while the K+ (PBCK) was from 21.78 to 45.93 cmol.kg-1 (mol.L−1)−1/2, The Free energy in the (−ΔG) ranged from -0.79 to -0.53 kJ.mol-1.and Gapon Selectivity Coefficient (kG) ranged from 0.93  to 1.65 (mol.L-1)1/2. Therefore, this information may be used as references for potassium soil fertilization. The study provided more accurate information about the potassium dynamics of the soils and play a significant role in the behavior of potassium. The results of the statistical analysis showed a positive and significant correlation between potassium forms and some thermodynamic parameters of potassium and some soil properties, while the correlation was negative between these forms and CaCO3.