Abstract: The effect of Nigella sativa oil (0.8ml/kg B.W) on testis, accessory sex glands and epididymal sperm characters was studied in mature male albino rats treated with hydrogen peroxide H2O2(0.5% in drinking water) for 30 days orally. The results showed thatH2O2 treatment caused a significant decrease in the percentage of live/dead sperms 13.66% associated with a significant increase in the percentage of and morphologically abnormal sperms 39.5%.While a significant increase in the percentage of live/dead sperms in both Nigella sativa oil treated group and Nigella sativa oil joined to H2O2 (85%), (72.16%) , respectively accompanied with a decrease in percentage of morphologically abnormal sperms compared with H2O2 treated group. It is concluded that Nigella sativa oil possess an antioxidative actions to counter act the impairment in the epididymal sperm characters caused by H2O2 treatment.

Abstract: Semi-hard wood cuttings of Carissa grandiflora planted at 15 April 2005 on river sand media, half of them were proposed to magnetic field 0.3 × 10-3 Tesla at the base of cutting for 30 second and other cuttings did not, each group divided into two halves, one irrigated by usual water ( non - magnetic water ) and the other irrigated with magnetic water (which gained by passing the water through magnetron unit with 2.5cm diameter with magnetic field 0.3 × 10-3 Tesla), the results showed that there were no significant differences between cutting treated with magnetic field and did not for all character studied. On the other hand, cutting irrigated with magnetic water gave the best results of rooting percentage 86.6% and highest roots number / cutting 12.6 root for cutting after 10 weeks from planting date, when compared with cuttings irrigated with non-magnetic water which gave rooting percentage 68.3% and roots number/cutting 11.1 root per cutting, and results show that magnetic cuttings which irrigated by magnetic water caused significant increase in rooting percentage 90% after 3 weeks from planting date when compared with 56.6% to the cuttings not proposed to magnetic field which irrigated with non-magnetic water. Highest rooting percentage 93.3% occur after ten weeks from planting magnetic cuttings which irrigated with magnetic water and that cuttings had significant effect when compared with cuttings didn't proposed to magnetic field and did irrigated with non-magnetic water and their rooting percentage is 73.3%.

Abstract: Shoots were regenerated from petioles – derived callus on solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg / l BA only and MS medium containing 4.0 mg / l IBA and 1.0 mg / l BA . The percentage of shoot formation was 30.0 % . The regeneration frequency was reasonable to obtained sufficient shoots by this method . This simple protocol is the first report in tissue culture of this woody plant which encourage other researchers to worke other studies in tissue culture of neem . Moreover , callus culture will be useful to obtain a wide range of industrial plant products .

Abstract: Ten soil samples have been collected from different locations in Nineva province with different textures ranged from sand to clay having different content of total carbonates range from (53-265)g / kg . Each soil sample was divided in to two parts, the first one was kept on its natural condition while the total carbonate was removed from the second one . the soil particle size distribution has been measured in the presence and after removal of the total carbonate in all soil samples. The results have shown that most of the soil samples were changed to finer texture after the carbonate has been removed where as clay percents were increased and the sand percents were decrease .

Abstract: Wheat of Triticum aestivum was planted in four agricultural fields in Neniva governerate classified as Aridsol .The experiment of split different locations plot design was implemented to random complete block design RCBD included two treatment potash fertilizers mixed with soil (0 and 20) as potassium sulfate /donum for 600 donum area for each replicate the potash fertilizer was added to the soil in two doses the first dose .was mixed with the soil in planting the second dose was after branding stage the nitrogen fertilizer was added to the soil in a rate of 200 kg N/ha as 130 kg/ha in the planting and the rest was sprayed seven doses with integral irrigation the phosphorous was added in a rate of 120kg/ha as a triple super phosphate in on dose before planting mixed with area .The results revealed to the presence of significant urinations in growth appearance (plant length, weight of 1000 grain , the grain number in the spike , a grain weight /spike ,spike number , total yield and grain protein content

Abstract: This experiment was conducted in the farms of Animal Resource at College of Agriculture and Forestry, Mosul University using some farm records. 18 calves were used in this study, these calves were raised for a period of (140) days which include five consecutive fattening periods to study the effect of these periods on some growth and body dimensions traits (live body weight, heart girth, body length, fore and rear height, fore and rear deepness, fore and rear thickness). Results observed that highly significant effect (P

Abstract: The experiment has been conducted on 58 Hammdani ewes 2-5 years old at the sheep farm/ Girdarasha/College of Agric. – Univ. of Salahaddin during 2003-2004.The average length of gestation period and birth weight were 151.290 days and 5.025 kg respectively. Weight of the ewes at mating, and birth weight had significant effect (p≤0.05) on gestation period; ewes weight 80-89kg had shorter gestation periods 150.133 days, and ewes carried lambs weight at birth (≥5.6 kg) had longer gestation periods 152.304 days) .Age of ewes at mating, sex of lambs, Type of birth and month of parturition did not show significant effects on length of gestation period in Hammdani sheep . Type of birth, age and weight of Dams at mating were significant effect birth weight, single and twins lambs weight at birth were 5.289 and 4.459 kg respectively. Lambs born from ewes 3 and 4 years age largest than lambs born from ewes 2 years age. Sex of lamb and month of birth did not show significant effects on birth weight in Hammdani sheep.

Abstract: This study was conducted to compared the use of multi enzyme commercial preparation (Avizyme) and β-glucanase for improving the nutritional value of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. diets, which contained 30-60% barley and improved sunflower meal 5-20% as main ingredients. Feeding trail was conducted with 144 fish at initial weight 17 ± 2 g. using closed system for 8 weeks. Statistical analysis for criteria being : relative growth rate , specific growth rate, food conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio showed that the best efficiency for criteria above by using multi enzyme (β-glucanase, xylase, protease) to improve the nutritional value of diet contained 60% barley with 20% improved sunflower meal. Body Chemical body composition of fish (Crude protein, ether extract as well as ash) was studied.

Abstract: ABSTRACT A simple and rapid method was performed to detect dulteration of liquid milk with dried milk powder .The method was based on the determination of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) produced from Meillard reaction .The HMF value in cow raw milk was 6.69 m.mole/l.while it was in the UHT milk 4and sterilized milk 12.48 and 13.12µ.mole/L, respectively .The HMF value in reconstituted(15% W/V) dried milk was 32.40µ.mole/L .On the basis of these HMF values it is possible to detect adulteration of raw, UHT milk and sterilized liquid milk with dried milk powder

Abstract: Food grade gelatin and animal glue were extracted from cow bones. Three extraction methods were employed beging alkali , lime and acid . The acidic extraction was the best as far as quantity , quality and economey aspects The yield was 6.8 % , 2.51 % ash and 8.35 % moisture .It was found that gelatin appeared to have good properties comparing with imported and better than commercial especially solubility as far as jelling strength .However its setting time was lower than that of commercial and higher than that of imported gelatin , in addition to its viscosity was higher than that of sheet gelatin . Animal glue was recovered after gelatin isolation possessed good physical and functional properties comparing with commercial as far as solubility , viscosity and considerably stronger adhesive power

Abstract: Growth mathematical model had been used to estimate yield Per unit area for Platanus orientalis L. fifty five sample plot were used, which selected randomly by different ages. The non-linear regression model was used to develop, the relationship between the yield per unit area, as the dependent variable, and ages of stand as the independent variable. Selecting the best model ,different measures of precision such as , coefficient of determination, stander error of percent, and Ohtomo graphical test were used, as are result the model. Y=230.27(1-exp(-0.06971 A))1.5841 R2=(0.81) S.E%=(2.3354) Also in this study , the best rotation age was developed and it appeared that the best time to harvest Platanus Orientals L. is at (13)years of age.

Abstract: Experiment was conducted for two seasons : 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 at Al-Kuba region , Nineva , with clay loam soil , to study the effect of three plant densities : 74100 , 88900 and 111100 plant ha-1with three varieties : Vero-monogerm ,Oscar Poly and Desprez- multigerm , on yield and some qualities of sugar beet characters . the results showed that the density 88900 plant ha-1× Vero ×growing season 2002-2003 had high significant on root yield, total sugar yield and extractable sugar yield which gave 55.2, 7.48 and 3.34 t ha-1respectively . On other hand, the second season 2002-2003 was more significantly than the first season in the above characteristic. No significant difference in sugar percentage was observed for plant density in both seasons, but Desprez variety had high significant. juice purity percentage had reached maximum (84%) with plant density 74100 plant ha-1× Vero variety at first season.

Abstract: Four varieties of broad bean (French, Syrian, Tewwtha and Babylon) were used in a complete diallel cross.Genotypes(parents and F1 hybrids) were sowing in college of agriculture and forestry fields at Hammam Al-Alil using randomized complete block design with three replications. The studied characters were plant height (cm), no. of days to heading and maturity, no. of branches per plant, leaf aera index , no. of stem nods ,no. of florets, pod setting ,pod length, no. of pods per plant, no of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (gm) , seed yield (gm/ plant) and biological yield. The parents and F1’S were significantly different for all studied characters except heading date. General combining ability was significant for heading and maturity date, no. of branches , no. of node, leaf area index, pod length, no. of seeds per pod and seed yield, while specific combining ability was significant for all studied characters except no. of node , no. of florets and pod setting . Reciprocal effects exhibited significant differences for all characters except for heading date. A significant additive variance were found for all studied characters except 100 seed weight, while a significant dominance variance was detected for all characters except heading date, pod length, pod setting and no. of pods per plant . Broad sense heritability (H2) estimates were high for maturity date, leaf area index, no. of seeds per pod ,100 seed weight and seed yield, while narrow sense heritability (h2) estimates were low for all characters except maturity date, leaf area index, no. of pods ,pod length , no. of pods per plant and no. of seeds per pod.

Abstract: Three varieties of barley (Hatra ,Gizera 1 and Rehan )and their two crosses (Hatra X Gizera1 and Hatra X Rehan ) were used to study heterosis , heritability and correlations of some quantitative characters: number of days to flowering and maturation , plant height ,number of spikes per 1 m, number of grains per spike, 100 grain weight , and grain yield . The cross (Hatra XGizera 1) exhibited significant heterosis for plant height ,number of spikes per 1m, number of grains per spike and 100 grain weight ,while (Hatra X Rehan ) showed significant heterosis for number of days to maturation , plant height , number of grains per spike, and 100 grains weight. High broad sense heritability values were obtained for all characters except for number of days to flowering and number of spikes which were moderate values . Genetic correlation was high and significant negative between grain yield and number of days to flowering and maturation while it was positive with 100 grain.

Abstract: A factorial mating analysis between four males inbred lines of maize (Agr183, W13R, W17.161 and R153) and six females lines (OH40, IK58, IK8, ZP, DK and SH) were studied using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected for yield, its components, protein and oil percent. The analysis carried out according to the factorial mating design method of to study the combining ability and gene action. The results showed highly significant differences among genotypes for all studied characters.The line SH appear to have good general combining ability for larger number of characters followed by IK8 and ZP. The crosses showed differences in its specific combining ability effects. The crosses (ZP x W13R) and (OH40 x W17.161) have specific combining ability effects in desirable direction for most characters. The dominance genetic variance was more important than the additive variance for the most studied characters, and the estimates of average degree of dominance was greater than one for all characters. Broad sense heritability ranged from 86.77% for ear diameter to 99.62% for 100 grain weight, while narrow sense heritability ranged from 20.92% for protein percent to 61.40% for number of rows per ear.

Abstract: A field test was conducted during the season of 2004-2005 at kileasan Research Center in Agriculture college- Sulaimani University, to study the influence of varieties(Nainava, American selected), cultural methods(row, sowing) and three seed rates (15, 25 and 35 kg/D) on the lentil growth, yield and its associated weeds. RCBD with three replicate was laid out in factorial experiment. The results indicated that Nainava variety was found to be superior when compared with American selected variety for the characters of pod weight, 1000 seed weight, seed weight/plant, seed yield/m2, but there was no significant difference between the two varieties for the other characters. Row cultural method posses higher and significant value than sowing method for total weed dry weight/m2, plant height, lowest pod height and empty pod no./plant, although an inverse result was recorded for plant dry weight and seed yield/m2. Among the seed rate, the high rate was surpassed the low one in total weed dry weight/m2, lowest pod height, 1000 seed weight and seed yield/m2. A significant interaction between the varieties and cultural methods especially at Nainava culturing by sowing was shown, also a significant interaction was observed between the varieties and different seed rate in one side & between cultural methods and seed rate in other side which revealed linearly increasing of seed yield by increasing seed rate. Simple correlation coefficient data confirm significant correlation between the characters.

Abstract: The factorial pot experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect of some systemic herbicides ( Topik 60 , Focus ultra 300 , Fusaltat 66 and Glyphosate 930 cm3 a.i /ha) and unweeded check treatment when it applied Tween 20(for wax removing from leaves)on growth and production of tubers of purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rotundus L. ) in summer season 2005 at Agric and Forestry college , Mosul univ. Data were collected after 107 day of sowing tubers . The significant result indicate that Glyphosate had more efficiency for reduce plant growth by reducing dry weight of roots , number , weight and size of tubers up to 49.2 , 52.5 and 63.6 % ,respectively comparison with check treatment , while Focus ultra herbicide had increased number ,weight and size of nutsedge tubers up to 50 ,24 and 29 % ,respectively. Others herbicides had less effectiveness . However the wax on the nutsedge leaves did not effect on herbicides absorption and toxicity of the plants . Therefore insignificant result had seen when it used material for wax removal (T20) . There was positive correlation between shoot growth ( number of leaves and branches ) number , weight and size of new formation tubers , while number of tuber have negative correlation with weight of new tubers .

Abstract: Pots experiment was carried out at Mosul University in 2005 summer growing season to investigate the influence of time , level of cutting and their interaction on growth of purple nut grass . CRD design with three replicates was used as a factorial experiment Data were collected after 118 days of sowing tubers . The significant result showed that sprouts of tubers had markedly depressed at week interval but it was increased size and weight of new tubers and dormant tubers number also increased when the cutting be delay three weeks interval . Plants with out cutting ( control treatment) had more number with large size and weight if it compared with the different period of canopy cutting . Plants were cut at soil surface level was more effect and reducing up to 64 , 83.3 and 68.5% for number , weight and size of tubers while plants had cut 3 cm above the soil level was reducing up to 25.3 , 59.2 and 32 % respectively . Nut grass had completely control at one week interval if it compared with plants cut at three weeks interval with 3 cm level above the soil . There was positive correlation between number of dormant tubers and its weight or size . Also positive correlation had seen between size and weight of new tubers . Meanwhile , the correlation was negative between number of leaves and number , weight or size of new tubers .

Abstract: The life cycle of the beet armyworm , Spodoptera exigua ( Huebner ) includes eggs ,larvae , pupae , and adults . An individual moth deposited eggs in masses , the average number were 10 masses and the number of the eggs for each mass were 30 – 140 eggs. The beet armyworm have five instars larvae in prevailing , but showed in this study six instars larvae , this sixth instars was recording first time in Iraq . The last instars larvae were possess a dark lateral stripe, a series of dark spots or dashes were often present dorsally and dorsolaterally .The average head capsule width was 1.85 mm for the last instars larvae .The pupa was light brown in color and measures length about 12 mm. The adults were moderately sized ,the wing span measuring 25-30 mm .The forewings were mottled gray and brown ,and normally with an irregular pattern and two a golden color spots. The hind wings were a more uniform gray or white color and trimmed with a dark line at the margin .

Abstract: Early infection of sugar beet plants with BYV reduced fresh weight and length of plant and root by 25,33,17,20 and 33% respectively ,in addition to the reduction of sugar percentage and root content by 18.5 and 51% respectively .Also early infection with BCTV reduced fresh weight of aerial and root content by 28.5 , 40 as well as shoot and root length respectively .reduction of the percentage of root sugar and its content in root by 17.4 and 50.2% was recorded. The screening study for the susceptibility of sugar beet plant to BYV and BCTV ,demonstrated that triple variety was the least susceptible to BYV whereas semarive was the most susceptible. Also Triple showed resistance against BCTV among other varieties. the varieties Viro, Tenor and S.H.1613 were susceptible .