Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Fenugreek seeds treatment
( Trigonella foenum graecum ) on blood parameters of broiler breeder males , the study include 4 groups ( 9 Arbor Acres cock , each ) 65 weeks aged , 1group : Control: reared on standard ration. 2- The 1st : reared on standard ration ,supplemented 10 gm / kg ration once weekly
2- The 2nd : reared on standard ration, supplemented 10 gm / kg ration twice weekly .4- The 3rd: reared on standard ration, supplemented 10 gm / kg ration daily. The treatment continue for 8 weeks .Fenugreek seeds improve blood picture as compared with control represented by the significant increase in the RBCs ( 2.55 and 2.92 million / mm3 ) and hemoglobin concentration ( 12.51 and 14.43 gm /dl ) and PCV ( 31.8 and 34.26 % ) in the2nd and 3rd group , also a significant increase in the thrombocytes count ( 15002 , 17272 and 21553 / mm3 ) in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups , this was reflected on the significant reduction of the clotting time in the 3rd group ( 53.33 seconds ) , treatment has no effects on the T.WBC , on the other hand , there was a significant decrease in the Hetrophils % in the2nd and 3rd groups ( 23 % and 19.44 % ) , a significant increase in lymphocytes % in the 3rd group ( 72.33 % ) and a significant decrease in the Hetrophils : Lymphocytes in the3rd and 2nd groups( 34.0 and 26.44 % ) . Treatment also causes a significant decrease in serum glucose levels in the 2nd and 3rd groups ( 264.02 and 229.01 mg/dl ), cholesterol level in the 3rd ( 134.71mg/dl ) and triglycerides level in the 1st ,2nd and 3rd groups ( 160.88 and 150.84 and 120.38 mg / 100 ml ) respectively . In general , the study revealed that Fenugreek seeds improve some blood characters in advance aged broiler breeder males.

A total of 296 Arbor Acres broiler breeder 375 days old were randomly divided into eight treatment. Hens in each treatment were subdivided into five replicates and reared on the floor throughout the experimental period. Two treatments free of Zinc included control with or without vitamin C; six treatments included three levels of Zn as ZnO (15000, 20000 and 25000ppm) with or without vitamin C. All treatments extirpated significant differences in percentage body weight loss during molting program. The most significant loss occurred in the T8 and T7 hens. The most reduction of feed intake (%) occurred in T8, T7 and T6 respectively. Furthermore, molting periods significantly affect body weight loss and feed intake (%). The most significant loss of body weight and reduction of feed intake (%) were occurred at day 9 of molting period. Moreover, T4 hens significantly take up more days to 1st day out of production, less days to out of production and to return to egg production compared with other molting treatments

Eighteen(9 male and 9 female) Awassi lambs aged (3.5-4 months) with average weights 23.11±0.31 Kg., were assigned into three groups(3 male and 3 female/group) fed on three rations different in Sesame byproduct percentage (0, 6 and 12%) for ninety days, to revealed the effect of nutritional treatment, sex and age on some hematological and biochemical parameters. The results indicated that red and white cell count ,hemoglobin packed cell volume, Lymphocyte percentage were increased significantly (P≤0.05) , while the percentage of acidophil and netrophil cells were decreased significantly by animals get older, Sesame byproduct percentage and lamb sex have no effects on all hematological parameters. Also the results indicated that concentration of total protein and globulin were increased significantly (P≤0.05),while the concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol were decreased significantly by increasing the percentage of Sesame by product in ration and animal get older, while lamb sex had no effects on all biochemical parameters

Sixty newly hatched unsexed brown local quail chicks were fed diets containing 4 ppm T-2 toxin singly or in combination with the mycofix+3.0 adsorbent at a rate of (0.25%) for a period of 42 days, to investigate their effects on performance and blood profile. Birds were randomly allotted to three groups of 20 each ( with two replicates), i.e., control, T-2, and T-2 +Mycofix+3. Significant (P≤0.05) reduction in quail performance was observed from the first week onwards in the toxin fed birds compared to other groups. Mortality reaches 25% in toxin fed group. Significant (P≤0.05) reduction in the relative weight of lymphoid organs and pancreas were noted , while there was an increase in the weight of liver, proventriculus and gizzard compared with control group. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in blood picture, differential lymphocytes count, triglycerides and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and a significant (P≤0.05) increase in heterophils, glucose, serum enzymes Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST), Alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), and stress factor between control and toxin treated group was observed. Addition of mycofix+3.0 at a rate of (0.25%) was significantly (p≤0.05) improved performance, restored internal organ weights, and blood parameters to that of control. In conclusion, it was clear that the addition of mycofix is effective in averting the toxicity of T-2 toxin in quails.
Key words Japanese quail - T2 toxin -mycofix+3–performance- blood parameters

The study was conducted on Eighty Awassi ewe lambs(10 month aged) to evaluate the effect of Grazing GR, Feeding frequency FF and hormonal treatment HT on ,reproductive performance and lambs growth, Estrous synchronization was conducted, Animal groups (10 ewes each ), 8 different treatments were applied including GR, FF, eCG and GnRH hormonal treatments. The results revealed that the Fertilization rate, Fertility%, Lambing % at weaning and Barrenness% were better significantly ( P≤0.01) in the 2nd treatment ( GR + ROD +PMSG ) , while the results of the 3rd treatment ( GR + RTD + PMSG & GnRH ) and 5th treatment ( without GR + ROD + PMSG & GnRH ) in Litter size ( Higher value ) and Abortion ( Lower value ) were better significantly than other groups, the higher mortality % of lambs was recorded in 6th treatment ( without GR + ROD + PMSG ) group. The results also revealed a significant increase in lambs BW in GR treatment at 12th week, and a significant increase in lambs birth weight in ROD treatment, while the best interaction effects in lambs weight were recorded in the 3rd treatment ( GR + RTD + PMSG & GnRH ) group at the 8th, 10th and 12th weeks and in the 6th treatment ( without GR + ROD + PMSG ) at the 6th week after lambing. The results also showed a significant increase in BG in ( GR ) group at the 10th and 12th weeks and in ( RTD ) group at the 8th week, while the best interaction effects on BG was recorded in the 1st treatment ( GR + ROD + + PMSG & GnRH ) group at 10th and 12th weeks after lambing .And in regard to milk production / day there is a significant increase in GR treatment at 6th and 12th weeks, and in (PMSG & GnRH ) treatment at 8th week, and the best interaction effects were recorded in the 3rd treatment (GR + RTD + PMSG & GnRH) group at 2nd , 4th , 6th , 8th , 12th weeks after lambing. In conclusion grazing enhanced feeding state and improved the reproductive performance of ewes and milk production for lambs growth.

Data were analyzed of 2 Awassi flocks for 2 productive seasons 2010-2011 to estimate the productivity of each flock of milk, it’s components, physical traits and phenotypic relations between them. The results revealed a highly significant effects (p≤ 0.01) for location on daily milk yield (DMY), somatic cell count (SCC) and conductivity (CON). There were a highly significant effects (p≤ 0.01) for year on (DMY), protein (PRO), lactose (LAC) and solids non fat (SNF) percentage, (SCC), density (DEN) and (CON). There were a highly significant effects (p≤ 0.01) for the interaction between location and year on (DMY), (PRO), (LAC), (SCC) and (CON), and significant effects (p≤ 0.05) on (SNF), (DEN) and freezing point, whereas the effects of all studied factors were non significant on fat percentage. Phenotypic correlation estimates between studied milk traits were mostly highly significant (p≤ 0.01) between positive and negative, and the others were significant (p≤ 0.05), while the others were non significant.

The study was conducted at Assisted Reproductive Technology Center (A R T) College of Medicine, University of Basra , from January , 2009 to January ,2010 . The aim was to study the effect of capacitation media on in vitro fertilization of Arabi ewes oocytes . A total of 2279 oocytes were collected from ovaries obtained from Basra Slaughter House .Oocytes were matured in TCM199 (tissue culture medium 199) supplemented with10%Fetal bovin serum (FBS) to study the effect of capacitation media on their fertilizing ability. freshly ejaculated and frozen thawed spermatozoa were capacitated in 1 of 2 media .A Bracket culture medium or Earle’s balanced salt medium . Results revealed that Bracket medium with Hyalouronidase enzyme and Gentamycin instead of Penicillin antibiotics showed significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in number of in vitro fertilized and divided ewe’s oocytes as compared with the Earle’s in both fresh and frozen thawed spermatozoa .

Twelve Local calves in 12 ± 2 weeks of age and average body weight (46.17±3.22 kg.)were used in this study at Rashidia research station in Mousl,Iraq. Calves were divided into three groups and fed ad libium on three Iso-nitrogenous
and Iso-caloric rations contained different level of dry rumen content (0,8 and 16%) instead of barely in calf starter rations, in addition to milk as 10% 0f body weight until weaning weigh at 100 kg. The results was indicated that no significant effect of experiential rations on daily weight gain ,feed consumption, hematological and biochemical parameters ,but mathematical decreased in dry matter intake by increasing dry rumen content percentage in calf starter ration. The results indicated also that calves weights ,count of red and white cell, ,lymphocyte cell percentage, hemoglobin, total protein, globulin and blood urea were increased significantly (P≤0.05), while percentages of natural and acedo cells, blood glucose, glycerol and triglyceride were decreased significantly (P≤0.05) by increasing animal age

This study was conducted on Al-Rasheida station farms,Mosul using 12 sharabi local calves at age(10-12months)and weights (183.33 ± 40.66kg.)were assigned randomly into three group, and these groups were fed ad libitum on ration consisted barley,wheat barn,soy bean meal and yellow corn(control ration),first group fed in control ration only(T1),while 25 g of stymulan cattle/100 kg.,and200 g.of Sorbotiol /100 kg. was added to the control ration of group 2(T2)and group3(T3) ,respectively for 16 weeks and study some production traits. At end of fattening period all calves were slaughter and calculated some carcass traits. The results indicated that calves fed second ration(T2) was significantly higher(p≤0.05) in average daily gain, total gain,final weight, some body dimensions and hot and cold carcass weights than calves feed first ration (T1) and third ration (T3).While no significant effect was found of adding feed additives to the rations on most studied carcass traits and physical analysis of three ribs region.
Key words:Sharabi calves, Feed Additives, production traits, carcass traits.

This study was conducted on local buffalo in the area of Badosh region in ninava . The results revealed that:
The overall means for body dimension (heart girth , belly girth , diagonal body length ,shoulder width , hip width , wither height and hip height) were 211.05 , 254.132 , 161.43 , 43.63 , 62.51 , 143.18 ,and 140.42 cm respectively.
The age had a highly significant effect (p≤ 0.01)on the chest girth, diagonal body length and hip width and significant (p ≤ 0.05) on wither height with the increases in animal age, There was no significant effect on other dimensions.
The diameter of the right front and left teats and those of the rear right and left treat were 2.9,3.6,3.11 and 3.37cm respectively. Advancing age of the animal had a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on teat diameter. The rear left teat diameter is greater than the front left teat about 0.31cm.and by also the diameter of the rear right teat was greater than the front right teat by 0.21cm.
The distances between front and rear teats and between left front and left rear and between rear right and front right teats were 14.16,9.75,9.54.and 9.22cm.respeivectly.The distance between the front teat was greater than the rear one.
Correlation values between body dimensions were positive and significan .
Body weight can be predicted by using body dimensions measurements.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of hybrid type, source of diet protein , sex of bird and their interaction on carcass cuts and some characteristics of blood , Three hybrids bred from broiler (Cobb 500, Ross 308 and Hubbard Classic) by 300 chick is old unsexed one day of each hybrid, distributed randomly over 18 pen, 6 for each hybrid by 50 chicks for each replicate , Three replicates of each hybrid were fed diet containing animal and vegetable protein and 3 other replicates of the same hybrid fed the diet containing only vegetable protein until the age of 42 days , feed and water were available ad libitum, The results of statistical analysis have shown that the type of hybrid had significant effect (P ≤ 0,05) on some carcass cuts : the breast , wings and edible viscera (gizzard, heart and liver), as made hybrids Cobb 500 birds and Ross 308 significant superiority in the proportion of the breast compared with Hubb, hybrid , While the last Hybrid has achieved the highest final weight of the wings compared to the previous hybrids , There Was also a significantly effect of hybrid on the content of the carcasses (breast meats) of the moisture, extract ether, protein and ash % of the carcasses of the three male hybrids, while showed significant differences between the three female hybrids carcasses in the content of the protein only was the highest in carcasses of Cobb 500 hybrid , There are significant differences between the three hybrids in the concentration of total cholesterol and blood high-density lipoproteins - cholesterol, As for the effect of source of protein diet, there were a significant differences in the breast deterministic and some blood traits (total protein and albumin ) was in favor of excellence for birds fed on animal protein diet + plant together compared to those fed on vegetable protein diet only ,

This study was conducted in AL-Ishaqi Cattle Station, north of Baghdad, 36 multifarious Friesian cows used in her early productive season, cows were divided randomly into two main groups (18 for each) spraying and without spraying group and Each group was divided into three sub-groups gives niacin (0 ,6 ,12g/day/cow) for the period from 1/6/2010 to31/7/2011 to study the effect of niacin supplementation and spraying water in numbers of services per conception, days open, fertility rate, period between calving , and abortions% , the results showed influenced fertility rate and abortions significantly )P ≤ 0.01) with niacin supplementation, and influenced number of services per conception and the period between calving significantly )P ≤ 0.05) with niacin supplementation as the rate of the first character 2.50 inseminated versus 3.50 inseminated and the rate of the second character 412.14 day versus 442 day while not record significant effect of niacin on days open, also no record of spraying impact on these traits .

The study was conducted in the fields of agricultural research in the area of Errachidia of the Public Authority for Agricultural Research in 2012, and use the 280 Japanese quail chicks white non-naturalized one day old and has been reared free education under standard conditions until the age of 14 days, At the beginning of the third week were distributed randomly on transactions / each treatment repeating / all bis 20 chick, and included a control treatment to feed standard and the water is free on the length of the study, Transactions 2,3 and 4 were eased three levels of 10,15 and 20% Sawdust soft white, made in the early period of life during the third and fourth weeks, and has provided the above-mentioned levels of diets of transactions 5,6 and 7, respectively, in the late period of life during the fifth and sixth weeks, The results of statistical analysis as follows:
The lack of significant differences within the Effect of the weight of the living body and the proportion of mortality college and increase weighing college and feed conversion ratio and carcass weight and the percentage of parts and the parts edible and the percentage of abdominal fat and dressing percentage between the two study early and late, Under the influence of levels of rationing food quality, there was no significant differences in final body weight and the increase weighted kidney and carcass traits and the proportion of abdominal fat and dressing percentage, while the proportion of mortality morally transactions rationing compared with the control except for the ratio percentages of the thighs and wings and show a significant decrease in feed consumption aggregate The conversion factor for wood shavings without food rationing transactions compared to control, Under the influence of overlap between the periods and levels of regulation differences did not note the presence of spirits in the final body weight and increase weighing college, while showing a significant decrease in feed consumption aggregate without mulch for all transactions rationing than controls, as well as the back improved significantly in feed conversion macro without mulch for the period early under the 20% level and the late period under the mitigation levels 10, 15 and 20% sawdust compared with untreated birds, Did not observe the existence of significant differences in carcass characteristics and the percentage of fat and dressing percentage of all transactions except for the study the proportion of the back.

The study was conducted in the fields of agricultural research in the area of Errachidia of the Public Authority for Agricultural Research in 2012, and use the 280 Japanese quail chicks white non-naturalized one day old and has been reared free education under standard conditions until the age of 14 days, At the beginning of the third week were distributed randomly on transactions / each treatment repeating / all bis 20 chick, and included a control treatment to feed standard and the water is free on the length of the study, Transactions 2,3 and 4 were eased three levels of 10,15 and 20% Sawdust soft white, made in the early period of life during the third and fourth weeks, and has provided the above-mentioned levels of diets of transactions 5,6 and 7, respectively, in the late period of life during the fifth and sixth weeks, The results of statistical analysis as follows:
The lack of significant differences within the Effect of the weight of the living body and the proportion of mortality college and increase weighing college and feed conversion ratio and carcass weight and the percentage of parts and the parts edible and the percentage of abdominal fat and dressing percentage between the two study early and late, Under the influence of levels of rationing food quality, there was no significant differences in final body weight and the increase weighted kidney and carcass traits and the proportion of abdominal fat and dressing percentage, while the proportion of mortality morally transactions rationing compared with the control except for the ratio percentages of the thighs and wings and show a significant decrease in feed consumption aggregate The conversion factor for wood shavings without food rationing transactions compared to control, Under the influence of overlap between the periods and levels of regulation differences did not note the presence of spirits in the final body weight and increase weighing college, while showing a significant decrease in feed consumption aggregate without mulch for all transactions rationing than controls, as well as the back improved significantly in feed conversion macro without mulch for the period early under the 20% level and the late period under the mitigation levels 10, 15 and 20% sawdust compared with untreated birds, Did not observe the existence of significant differences in carcass characteristics and the percentage of fat and dressing percentage of all transactions except for the study the proportion of the back.

The results of blood picture showed that the fish fed at diet 3th(soaked 12 h . 60% ) were significantly different the 7th among diet (soaked 12 h 60% c.v.),diet ,(soaked 12h.with autoclaving ,60% c.v.) for criteria for percentage of pcv which. and hemoglobin for the 3th diet with significant differences among diets 7,3,11. The index stress (hetetophil / lymphocyte) was 17.5 for the 7th diet which significantly differs among all treatments except thet 9th die (autoclaving,60%) and 11 which recorded 15 and 16.50 respectively. Therefore the results showed that there were no significant differences among all experimental treatments Liver enzymes were studied AST (aspirate trans aminase , ALT (alanine transaminase ), ALP (alkaline phosphate) .

This study was conducted at the Poultry farm of Animal Resources Department College of Agricultural and Forestry in the University of Mosul , The aim of this study is to improve the resistance of chicks to heat stress by means of adding KCl to the drink water to the chicks exposed to periodical heat stress, 360 unsexed broiler Faw Bro chicks were used, The chicks have been managed at the age of 1-21 days at normal environment ,at 22days old the birds were distributed to four treatments (3 Replicate for each) , The birds exposed to rotatory heat stress (25 -36 -25)C until 8 weeks of age ,The experiment treatments were T1Normal water (Control), T2 ,T3 ,T4 Adding (0,1 ,0,3 , 0,5 ) % KCl to drinking water respectively , KCl addition s results in a significant decrease in feed consumption birds consume less feed during the cold period and increasing feed consumption as the temperature decrease and feed consumption decrease as the KCL concentration increase , A significant increase in water consumption birds consume more water at the hot peripd of the day, In general birds can change its nutritional behavior and consume more water and less feed at the hot period of the day ,

The objective of this study was to evaluate some diluents and effects of type of diluents and preservation periods of Awassi ram semen. The diluents included egg yolk-sodium citrate, Tris fructose –egg yolk ,Skim milk-egg yolk and new modified diluents. Dilution rate was (1:10) and semen samples were collected with artificial vagina , one ejaculate per week for 3 months (September , October, and November) in the breeding season and preserved at 5oC for 4 days to evaluated the changes in daily spermatozoa, Individual motility , percentage of alive sperm, pH, and sperm abnormalities. Total ejaculates were collected from 6 Awassi Rams with weight mean 54 kg and aged 1.5- 2 years. Results of the present study showed:
1- Tris fructose – egg yolk diluent was preserved significantly (p ≤ 0,01) to the sperms in semen's diluent of Awassi Rams and was superior (p ≤ 0,01) than other diluents in spermatozoa individual motility, percentage of alive sperm than other dilutions.
2- Tris fructose – egg yolk and skim milk – egg yolk diluents were less significant (p ≤ 0,01) with degree of sperms abnormality in diluted semen than Sodium citrate (SC) and modified dilutions .
3- Decrease the efficiency of Modified dilution for preserving the sperms of diluted semen with keeping good level of acidity (pH) than other dilutions.
4- The preservation periods had a significant effect on diluted and cooling semen characteristics, however the Tris fructose – egg yolk was superior dilution for preserving Awassi semen at 5oC for 4 days.

This study was carried out in felid of Animal Resources Department at Tikrit University .By used Twenty Awassi lambs which individually feeding live-weight was 25.49 kg ,with ages from 3 -4 months old were used in a experiment to study the effect of feeding two level of barley to the roughage( 60% barley with 40% roughage or 40% barley with 60% roughage) with two level of ginger( 0&5 gm/kg Dm) on productive performance . Barley mixed with alfalfa were offered to lambs at rate of 3.5% of live weight. No significant effect for level of the concentrate to the roughage feed (B:R) or add ginger or interaction between them for initial ,final weight, feed intake and feed conversion. There was no significant effect of level C:R and ginger for total weight , but there was significant effect(أ≤0,05) for the first group ( high barley with low roughage with ginger) 11.47kg and there was no significant effect of the level C:R and ginger effect in the average daily weight gain , But first group improved significantly 0.13 kg compared to second group ( high barley with low roughage ) 0.11 kg.

This is study was carried out of the Poultry Field , Department of Animal Resource , College of Agriculture , Tikrit University, during the period 31-10-2011 to 6-2-2012, to evaluates of the effect of protein levels in early ages in reproductive performance in Japanese quail . A total number of 240 birds (180 female and 60 male), were used in this study female were randomly distributed to 4 treatments groups of 3 replicates each and each replicate constituted of (3 female : 1 male). Experimental treatments were T1 control diet (24% protein), T2 , T3 and T4 included addition 22, 20 and 18% protein respectively. The results showed that : the bird feeder on the diets of different protein levels during the early ages did not affect both the rate of fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, hatchability of eggs total, embryonic mortality and weights of reproductive organs female and male . Results indicate that the rationing of food in the reconstruction of early (during the period of reining ) significant effect (p <0.05) in some of the eggs qualities , a significant second and fourth treatments to the transaction the third in the character of the relative weight of the crust at the time production total (6-17 weeks). While significantly outperformed (p <0.05) treatment in the character of the fourth the thickness of on first, second and third treatments when the first production period (6-9 weeks). While egg yolk weight and percentage of significant differences between the treatments.